{"id":102011,"date":"2024-07-26T10:45:40","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T08:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/metody-analizy-termicznej\/metoda-harmana\/"},"modified":"2026-01-16T10:18:43","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T09:18:43","slug":"metoda-harmana","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/metody-analizy-termicznej\/metoda-harmana\/","title":{"rendered":"Metoda Harmana"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"102011\" class=\"elementor elementor-102011 elementor-22465\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3549cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a3549cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac41c94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ac41c94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/linseis_scale-top-1.svg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7b7feb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a7b7feb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6100945 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6100945\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc1182c elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cc1182c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>\n\nMetoda Harmana\n\n<\/b><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d91a43 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d91a43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9413374 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-carousel\" data-id=\"9413374\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;carousel_items&quot;:[{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Produkt 1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;d6fbcdb&quot;}],&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:2000,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-carousel swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Karussell\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"1\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44441f5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44441f5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4103051 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4103051\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-1024x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-36264\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Linien-weiss_Zeichenflaeche-1-Kopie-88-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a6800 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b4a6800\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/linseis_scale-bottom-1.svg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c8d6cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7c8d6cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7b7522 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d7b7522\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-449b6fd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"449b6fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-031217d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-bcn_widget\" data-id=\"031217d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-bcn_widget.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"breadcrumbs\" vocab=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/\" typeof=\"BreadcrumbList\"><span property=\"itemListElement\" typeof=\"ListItem\"><a property=\"item\" typeof=\"WebPage\" title=\"Przejd\u017a do Linseis.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/\" class=\"home\" aria-current=\"page\"><span property=\"name\">Linseis<\/span><\/a><meta property=\"position\" content=\"1\"><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed98f58 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ed98f58\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbc47b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bbc47b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71a1ec4 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71a1ec4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Bezpo\u015bredni pomiar wska\u017anika jako\u015bci ZT zgodnie z metod\u0105 Harmana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32d9053 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32d9053\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik termoelektryczny <strong>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/?page_id=101970\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\">ZT<\/a>\n<\/strong> mo\u017cna obliczy\u0107 na podstawie wynik\u00f3w poszczeg\u00f3lnych pomiar\u00f3w <strong>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/?page_id=101938\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\">przewodno\u015bci elektrycznej<\/a>\n<\/strong>, wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika <strong>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/?page_id=101956\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\">wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika Seebecka<\/a>\n<\/strong> i <strong>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/?page_id=101964\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\">przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna<\/a>\n<\/strong> mo\u017cna obliczy\u0107 lub zmierzy\u0107 bezpo\u015brednio. <strong>Powszechn\u0105 metod\u0105 bezpo\u015bredniego okre\u015blania jest metoda Harmana<\/strong>.<\/p><p>W celu przeprowadzenia pomiaru, pr\u00f3bka termoelektryczna w postaci cylindrycznego lub prostok\u0105tnego pr\u0119ta jest elektrycznie stykana na obu ko\u0144cach i z dwoma stykami na jednej z powierzchni bocznych (patrz rysunek a) poni\u017cej).<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe4080d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe4080d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22467 size-large aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Schematic-setup-for-ZT-measurement-1-1280x414-1-1024x331.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Schematic-setup-for-ZT-measurement-1-1280x414-1-1024x331.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Schematic-setup-for-ZT-measurement-1-1280x414-1-300x97.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Schematic-setup-for-ZT-measurement-1-1280x414-1-768x248.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Schematic-setup-for-ZT-measurement-1-1280x414-1.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>a) Schematyczny uk\u0142ad do bezpo\u015bredniego pomiaru ZT materia\u0142\u00f3w termoelektrycznych metod\u0105 Harmana.  <\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>b) Krzywa pomiarowa pomiaru Harmana z omowym spadkiem napi\u0119cia UR i wyst\u0119puj\u0105cym napi\u0119ciem termicznym Uth przy przy\u0142o\u017conym pr\u0105dzie pomiarowym I.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64ed86b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64ed86b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p>Dla dok\u0142adno\u015bci pomiaru kluczowe jest stworzenie jak najlepszych warunk\u00f3w adiabatycznych, tj. zminimalizowanie wymiany ciep\u0142a mi\u0119dzy pr\u00f3bk\u0105 a otoczeniem.<\/p><p>Z tego powodu pomiar zwykle odbywa si\u0119 w pr\u00f3\u017cni, a pr\u00f3bka jest przechowywana wolnostoj\u0105co lub zamocowana na p\u0142ycie bazowej sterowanej termostatem.<\/p><p>Ponadto, os\u0142ona termiczna jest zwykle stosowana w celu zmniejszenia wymiany ciep\u0142a przez promieniowanie mi\u0119dzy pr\u00f3bk\u0105 a otoczeniem.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p> <\/p><p> <\/p><p> <\/p><p><br>Pomiar rozpoczyna si\u0119 od impulsu pr\u0105du <sub>I0<\/sub> mi\u0119dzy stykami na powierzchniach czo\u0142owych, przy czym jedno z\u0142\u0105cze mi\u0119dzy pr\u00f3bk\u0105 a elektrod\u0105 jest podgrzewane, a drugie ch\u0142odzone z powodu efektu Peltiera. Adiabatyczne warunki brzegowe prowadz\u0105 nast\u0119pnie do gradientu temperatury wzd\u0142u\u017c pr\u00f3bki, kt\u00f3rego wielko\u015b\u0107 zale\u017cy od impulsu pr\u0105du i w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termoelektrycznych pr\u00f3bki. Sondy napi\u0119ciowe na bocznej powierzchni pr\u00f3bki s\u0105 u\u017cywane do pomiaru zar\u00f3wno sk\u0142adowej omowej spadku napi\u0119cia UR z powodu impulsu pr\u0105du, jak i napi\u0119cia termicznego Uth wynikaj\u0105cego z gradientu temperatury (patrz rys. 1b).  <\/p><p>Sk\u0142adowa omowa jest mierzona bezpo\u015brednio po wstrzykni\u0119ciu pr\u0105du, podczas gdy napi\u0119cie termiczne jest okre\u015blane w stanie ustalonym. ZT mo\u017cna okre\u015bli\u0107 bezpo\u015brednio na podstawie stosunku tych dw\u00f3ch napi\u0119\u0107. <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63cdf9f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63cdf9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22474 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ZT-formula-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"171\" height=\"127\"><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbe6a38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cbe6a38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p>Dok\u0142adno\u015b\u0107 metody pomiarowej zale\u017cy w du\u017cej mierze od zgodno\u015bci z adiabatycznymi warunkami pomiaru i rezystancji styku mi\u0119dzy pr\u00f3bk\u0105 a elektrodami pr\u0105dowymi. Ogranicza to maksymaln\u0105 temperatur\u0119 robocz\u0105 zestawu pomiarowego opartego na technologii Harman do maksymalnej temperatury roboczej od 200\u00b0C do 300\u00b0C <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8801439 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8801439\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fda86f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4fda86f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0a9aac e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a0a9aac\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53ea4ef elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53ea4ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Kt\u00f3re nieruchomo\u015bci s\u0105 oceniane?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d38f832 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d38f832\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Metoda Harmana mo\u017ce by\u0107 stosowana do bezpo\u015bredniego pomiaru wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika termoelektrycznego ZT. Ten bezpo\u015bredni pomiar pozwala zminimalizowa\u0107 b\u0142\u0105d ZT w dobrych warunkach eksperymentalnych w por\u00f3wnaniu z konwencjonalnym sposobem obliczania ZT na podstawie indywidualnych pomiar\u00f3w wykonanych za pomoc\u0105 <strong>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgeraete\/lsr-thermoelektrik\/lsr-l31\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\">LSR-3<\/a>\n<\/strong> i <strong>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgeraete\/waermeleitfaehigkeit\/lfa-l52\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\">LFA<\/a>\n<\/strong> poniewa\u017c s\u0142upki b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w poszczeg\u00f3lnych pomiar\u00f3w kumuluj\u0105 si\u0119. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a75a636 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a75a636\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"spb_content_element col-sm-12 spb_text_column\"><div class=\"spb_wrapper clearfix\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-22481 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ZT-formula-2-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"115\"><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2e8489 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e2e8489\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5a584c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c062a2a elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c062a2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ten sam wz\u00f3r pokazuje r\u00f3wnie\u017c, \u017ce przewodno\u015b\u0107 ciepln\u0105 mo\u017cna obliczy\u0107 jako w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015b\u0107 materia\u0142u na podstawie po\u0142\u0105czonego pomiaru wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika Harmana i wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika mocy. Mo\u017ce to by\u0107 proste i op\u0142acalne rozwi\u0105zanie do pomiaru w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu ciep\u0142a pr\u00f3bek termoelektrycznych za pomoc\u0105 standardowego urz\u0105dzenia, takiego jak Linseis LSR-3. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Metoda Harmana Bezpo\u015bredni pomiar wska\u017anika jako\u015bci ZT zgodnie z metod\u0105 Harmana Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik termoelektryczny ZT mo\u017cna obliczy\u0107 na podstawie wynik\u00f3w poszczeg\u00f3lnych pomiar\u00f3w przewodno\u015bci elektrycznej , wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika Seebecka i przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna mo\u017cna obliczy\u0107 lub zmierzy\u0107 bezpo\u015brednio. Powszechn\u0105 metod\u0105 bezpo\u015bredniego okre\u015blania jest metoda Harmana. W celu przeprowadzenia pomiaru, pr\u00f3bka termoelektryczna w postaci cylindrycznego lub prostok\u0105tnego pr\u0119ta jest [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":101974,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-102011","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/102011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102011"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/102011\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}