{"id":151798,"date":"2026-08-19T09:22:02","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T07:22:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/applikationen\/analiza-materialow-dla-nowych-technologii\/analiza-warstw-cienkich-i-powloki\/"},"modified":"2026-08-19T09:57:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T07:57:18","slug":"analiza-warstw-cienkich-i-powloki","status":"publish","type":"applikationen","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/aplikacje\/analiza-materialow-dla-nowych-technologii\/analiza-warstw-cienkich-i-powloki\/","title":{"rendered":"Analiza warstw cienkich i pow\u0142oki"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"151798\" class=\"elementor elementor-151798 elementor-150908\" data-elementor-post-type=\"applikationen\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7516b3d8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7516b3d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-378a0083 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"378a0083\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/linseis_scale-top-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-123860\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25e384b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"25e384b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c873ac5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c873ac5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7935fea3 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7935fea3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Analiza warstw cienkich i pow\u0142oki<\/b><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7d6339 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b7d6339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Precyzyjna charakterystyka termiczna i elektryczna warstw cienkich, pow\u0142ok i uk\u0142ad\u00f3w wielowarstwowych<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cd67cd1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4cd67cd1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-622707ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-carousel\" data-id=\"622707ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;carousel_items&quot;:[{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Produkt 1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;d6fbcdb&quot;}],&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:2000,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-carousel swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Karussell\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"1\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-514da080 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"514da080\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba251e5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba251e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-1024x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151785\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Linseis-Icons_Thin-Films-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cde5263 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3cde5263\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/linseis_scale-bottom-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-123871\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16040c26 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"16040c26\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec28532 e-con-full elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec28532\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d3f716 elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6d3f716\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#herausforderungen\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Wyzwania<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9671f7 elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c9671f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#methode\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Metody<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eac49ee elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"eac49ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#geraete\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Urz\u0105dzenia<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c6b02d elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8c6b02d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#applikation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Zakres zastosowa\u0144<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-086a8ef elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"086a8ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#faq\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7125e09a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7125e09a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55187de9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55187de9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5341e60c elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-bcn_widget\" data-id=\"5341e60c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-bcn_widget.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"breadcrumbs\" vocab=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/\" typeof=\"BreadcrumbList\"><span property=\"itemListElement\" typeof=\"ListItem\"><a property=\"item\" typeof=\"WebPage\" title=\"Przejd\u017a do Linseis.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/\" class=\"home\" aria-current=\"page\"><span property=\"name\">Linseis<\/span><\/a><meta property=\"position\" content=\"1\"><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bf0bd89 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bf0bd89\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-266b41f0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"266b41f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-662cae92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"662cae92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"1009\" data-end=\"1331\">Warstwy cienkowarstwowe i pow\u0142oki funkcjonalne stanowi\u0105 kluczowe elementy nowoczesnych technologii. Od <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/aplikacje\/analiza-materialow-dla-branzy-elektronicznej-i-polprzewodnikowej\/polprzewodniki-o-szerokiej-przerwie-energetycznej\/\"><strong>p\u00f3\u0142przewodnik\u00f3w<\/strong><\/a> i element\u00f3w mikroelektronicznych, poprzez czujniki i ogniwa fotowoltaiczne, a\u017c po systemy optyczne i pow\u0142oki ochronne \u2013 umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 one precyzyjne dostosowanie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci elektrycznych, termicznych i funkcjonalnych. <\/p><p data-start=\"1333\" data-end=\"1746\">Jednak wraz ze spadkiem grubo\u015bci warstwy w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci cienkich warstw coraz bardziej odbiegaj\u0105 od w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci odpowiadaj\u0105cego im materia\u0142u masowego. Mikrostruktura, grubo\u015b\u0107 warstwy, powierzchnie graniczne, pod\u0142o\u017ca i warunki produkcji mog\u0105 mie\u0107 decyduj\u0105cy wp\u0142yw na transport ciep\u0142a i \u0142adunku. Dlatego te\u017c, zw\u0142aszcza w przypadku z\u0142o\u017conych uk\u0142ad\u00f3w wielowarstwowych, konieczna jest bezpo\u015brednia charakterystyka rzeczywistej struktury warstw.  <\/p><p data-start=\"1748\" data-end=\"1989\">Dzi\u0119ki specjalistycznym systemom pomiarowym firmy LINSEIS mo\u017cna precyzyjnie okre\u015bla\u0107 w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termiczne i elektryczne warstw cienkich oraz pow\u0142ok \u2013 od pojedynczych warstw funkcjonalnych po z\u0142o\u017cone uk\u0142ady warstw i powierzchnie graniczne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cec6e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"6cec6e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"wyzwania\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af460cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af460cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Istotne zagadnienia<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"1o8kyxw\" data-start=\"2091\" data-end=\"2150\">Jaka jest przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna cienkiej warstwy?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"1d7nx2q\" data-start=\"2151\" data-end=\"2217\">Czym r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 transport ciep\u0142a w p\u0142aszczy\u017anie od transportu ciep\u0142a mi\u0119dzyp\u0142aszczyznowego?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"h4lg6h\" data-start=\"2218\" data-end=\"2292\">Jaki wp\u0142yw ma grubo\u015b\u0107 warstwy na w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termiczne?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"tgbvyh\" data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2358\">Jaka rezystancja termiczna powstaje na granicach faz materia\u0142owych?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"fdgekx\" data-start=\"2359\" data-end=\"2421\">W jaki spos\u00f3b pod\u0142o\u017ce i powierzchnie graniczne wp\u0142ywaj\u0105 na wynik pomiaru?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"12stdsc\" data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2501\">W jaki spos\u00f3b procesy powlekania i osadzania zmieniaj\u0105 w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci materia\u0142\u00f3w?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"ht4s3\" data-start=\"2502\" data-end=\"2584\">Jak\u0105 przewodno\u015b\u0107 elektryczn\u0105 i ruchliwo\u015b\u0107 no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku wykazuje ta warstwa?<\/li>\n \t<li data-section-id=\"13wa7b7\" data-start=\"2585\" data-end=\"2661\">W jaki spos\u00f3b zmieniaj\u0105 si\u0119 w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci warstw cienkich wraz ze wzrostem temperatury?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Istotne parametry materia\u0142owe i procesowe<\/h3>\n<table class=\"linseis-table\">\n    <thead>\n        <tr>\n            <th>Parametry<\/th>\n            <th>Znaczenie<\/th>\n        <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n    <tbody>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna<\/td>\n            <td>Ocena przenoszenia ciep\u0142a w warstwie cienkiej<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Przewodno\u015b\u0107 termiczna<\/td>\n            <td>Charakterystyka rozprzestrzeniania si\u0119 ciep\u0142a w uk\u0142adzie warstwowym<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Anizotropia termiczna<\/td>\n            <td>Rozr\u00f3\u017cnienie mi\u0119dzy przenoszeniem ciep\u0142a w p\u0142aszczy\u017anie a przenoszeniem ciep\u0142a w kierunku poprzecznym do p\u0142aszczyzny<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Op\u00f3r termiczny na granicy faz<\/td>\n            <td>Ocena przenoszenia ciep\u0142a mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi warstwami materia\u0142u<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Grubo\u015b\u0107 warstwy<\/td>\n            <td>Wp\u0142yw na w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu ciep\u0142a i pr\u0105du elektrycznego<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Op\u00f3r elektryczny<\/td>\n            <td>Ocena przewodno\u015bci elektrycznej warstw funkcjonalnych<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>St\u0119\u017cenie no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku<\/td>\n            <td>Charakterystyka cienkich warstw elektronicznych i p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikowych<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n            <td>Ruchliwo\u015b\u0107 no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku<\/td>\n            <td>Ocena w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci elektrycznych warstwy podczas transportu<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de95660 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"de95660\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"metoda\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6ed348 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c6ed348\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25eb92b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"25eb92b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1963217 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1963217\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb95720 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bb95720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Metody pomiarowe dla warstw cienkich i pow\u0142ok<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f901a4e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f901a4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-077562c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"077562c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b435fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5b435fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_TFA-1024x565.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-140314\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_TFA-1024x565.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_TFA-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_TFA-768x424.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_TFA.png 1096w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c5cddb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5c5cddb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/linseis_corner-white-up-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29138\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3d2fae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e3d2fae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Analiza cienkich warstw (TFA)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d60d6c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d60d6c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"4221\" data-end=\"4322\">Okre\u015blanie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termicznych cienkich warstw za pomoc\u0105 elektrycznych struktur grzewczych i pomiarowych.<\/p><h3 data-section-id=\"7w5esc\" data-start=\"4324\" data-end=\"4339\">Analiza<\/h3><ul data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4481\"><li data-section-id=\"1iej18i\" data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4361\">Przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1exv4ln\" data-start=\"4362\" data-end=\"4399\">Przenoszenie ciep\u0142a w zale\u017cno\u015bci od temperatury<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1f9k1lq\" data-start=\"4400\" data-end=\"4426\">W\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci warstw cienkich<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1ici35j\" data-start=\"4427\" data-end=\"4463\">W\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu cieplnego<\/li><li data-section-id=\"yrzep4\" data-start=\"4464\" data-end=\"4481\">Systemy zmianowe<\/li><\/ul><h3 data-section-id=\"1o3ot0v\" data-start=\"4483\" data-end=\"4507\">Typowe zastosowania<\/h3><ul data-start=\"4509\" data-end=\"4619\"><li data-section-id=\"29hv9l\" data-start=\"4509\" data-end=\"4530\">Warstwy p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikowe<\/li><li data-section-id=\"kd3rh1\" data-start=\"4531\" data-end=\"4556\">Warstwy dielektryczne<\/li><li data-section-id=\"13xegc2\" data-start=\"4557\" data-end=\"4580\">Cienkie warstwy metalowe<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1cwkelw\" data-start=\"4581\" data-end=\"4601\">Warstwy funkcjonalne<\/li><li data-section-id=\"dms9k\" data-start=\"4602\" data-end=\"4619\">Mikroelektronika<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ce1265 btn-simple elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1ce1265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/metody-analizy-termicznej\/metoda-3-omega\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2099ec e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a2099ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55f0114 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55f0114\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a603ee6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a603ee6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_FDTR_Applikationsseiten-1024x565.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151786\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_FDTR_Applikationsseiten-1024x565.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_FDTR_Applikationsseiten-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_FDTR_Applikationsseiten-768x424.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_FDTR_Applikationsseiten.png 1096w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-122c227 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"122c227\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/linseis_corner-white-up-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29138\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7467ab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7467ab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Termorefleksja w dziedzinie cz\u0119stotliwo\u015bci (FDTR)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06280d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06280d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"4695\" data-end=\"4801\">Charakterystyka optyczna przenoszenia ciep\u0142a w cienkich warstwach, warstwach wielowarstwowych i granicach faz termicznych.<\/p><h3 data-section-id=\"7w5esc\" data-start=\"4803\" data-end=\"4818\">Analiza<\/h3><ul data-start=\"4820\" data-end=\"4948\"><li data-section-id=\"1iej18i\" data-start=\"4820\" data-end=\"4840\">Przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna<\/li><li data-section-id=\"198pv5u\" data-start=\"4841\" data-end=\"4866\">Dyfuzyjno\u015b\u0107 cieplna<\/li><li data-section-id=\"14ih5kj\" data-start=\"4867\" data-end=\"4892\">Przenoszenie ciep\u0142a w p\u0142aszczy\u017anie<\/li><li data-section-id=\"12649ii\" data-start=\"4893\" data-end=\"4921\">Przenoszenie ciep\u0142a mi\u0119dzy p\u0142aszczyznami<\/li><li data-section-id=\"navpr2\" data-start=\"4922\" data-end=\"4948\">Granice faz termicznych<\/li><\/ul><h3 data-section-id=\"1o3ot0v\" data-start=\"4950\" data-end=\"4974\">Typowe zastosowania<\/h3><ul data-start=\"4976\" data-end=\"5055\"><li data-section-id=\"wnfl70\" data-start=\"4976\" data-end=\"4988\">P\u00f3\u0142przewodniki<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1es6i4b\" data-start=\"4989\" data-end=\"5000\">Warstwy cienkowarstwowe<\/li><li data-section-id=\"4as5r6\" data-start=\"5001\" data-end=\"5020\">Systemy wielowarstwowe<\/li><li data-section-id=\"dms9k\" data-start=\"5021\" data-end=\"5038\">Mikroelektronika<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1cca9me\" data-start=\"5039\" data-end=\"5055\">Pow\u0142oki<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cab733f btn-simple elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cab733f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/metody-analizy-termicznej\/fdtr-termorefleksja-w-zakresie-czestotliwosci\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44a6a3f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44a6a3f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bbffaa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7bbffaa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a76027 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2a76027\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_HCS_DEU-1024x565.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-140313\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_HCS_DEU-1024x565.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_HCS_DEU-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_HCS_DEU-768x424.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_HCS_DEU.png 1096w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc06658 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dc06658\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/linseis_corner-white-up-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29138\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7f7786 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f7f7786\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Analiza efektu Halla (HCS)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b862921 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b862921\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-5\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-5\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-5\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-121\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"53dea00f-8e0c-429b-b224-7b40bb80087a\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full dark markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-6\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-6\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-6\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-123\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"64d7dc12-367e-40c0-bc19-bc46484d65e8\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full dark markdown-new-styling\"><p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"5104\" data-end=\"5204\">Charakterystyka w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu pr\u0105du w przewodz\u0105cych i p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikowych warstwach cienkich.<\/p><h3 data-section-id=\"7w5esc\" data-start=\"5206\" data-end=\"5221\">Analiza<\/h3><ul data-start=\"5223\" data-end=\"5371\"><li data-section-id=\"ozi5d4\" data-start=\"5223\" data-end=\"5241\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik Halla<\/li><li data-section-id=\"2hk09o\" data-start=\"5242\" data-end=\"5270\">St\u0119\u017cenie no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku<\/li><li data-section-id=\"pedjqs\" data-start=\"5271\" data-end=\"5295\">Mobilno\u015b\u0107 no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku<\/li><li data-section-id=\"ko83dd\" data-start=\"5296\" data-end=\"5321\">Op\u00f3r elektryczny<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1ibm9ll\" data-start=\"5322\" data-end=\"5371\">W\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci elektryczne zale\u017cne od temperatury<\/li><\/ul><h3 data-section-id=\"1o3ot0v\" data-start=\"5373\" data-end=\"5397\">Typowe zastosowania<\/h3><ul data-start=\"5399\" data-end=\"5521\"><li data-section-id=\"29hv9l\" data-start=\"5399\" data-end=\"5420\">Warstwy p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikowe<\/li><li data-section-id=\"8xk7rv\" data-start=\"5421\" data-end=\"5456\">Przezroczyste warstwy przewodz\u0105ce<\/li><li data-section-id=\"7wwlbt\" data-start=\"5457\" data-end=\"5480\">Funkcjonalne warstwy cienkowarstwowe<\/li><li data-section-id=\"196th0j\" data-start=\"5481\" data-end=\"5504\">Materia\u0142y elektroniczne<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1cca9me\" data-start=\"5505\" data-end=\"5521\">Pow\u0142oki<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb629ab btn-simple elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"eb629ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/hcs-analiza-efektu-halla\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de767f8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de767f8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29039c3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29039c3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b99ed44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b99ed44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_LSR-1024x565.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151787\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_LSR-1024x565.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_LSR-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_LSR-768x424.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Methoden-Icons-fuer-Website_LSR.png 1096w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df19704 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"df19704\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/linseis_corner-white-up-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-29138\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5db278 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b5db278\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Pomiar Seebecka i rezystancji (LSR)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70f4e05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70f4e05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-8\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-8\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a02d3c7-f9d4-83eb-8acd-b98ac8132e0b-8\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-127\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"28463296-bc10-4aff-b327-912872a4f0ac\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full dark markdown-new-styling\"><p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"5602\" data-end=\"5714\">Okre\u015blanie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu termoelektrycznego i elektrycznego w funkcjonalnych uk\u0142adach warstwowych i materia\u0142owych.<\/p><h3 data-section-id=\"7w5esc\" data-start=\"5716\" data-end=\"5731\">Analiza<\/h3><ul data-start=\"5733\" data-end=\"5870\"><li data-section-id=\"12o78f1\" data-start=\"5733\" data-end=\"5754\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik Seebecka<\/li><li data-section-id=\"ko83dd\" data-start=\"5755\" data-end=\"5780\">Op\u00f3r elektryczny<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1aubu6a\" data-start=\"5781\" data-end=\"5813\">Transport zale\u017cny od temperatury<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1ylbvoa\" data-start=\"5814\" data-end=\"5848\">W\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termoelektryczne<\/li><li data-section-id=\"kah6q6\" data-start=\"5849\" data-end=\"5870\">Optymalizacja materia\u0142\u00f3w<\/li><\/ul><h3 data-section-id=\"1o3ot0v\" data-start=\"5872\" data-end=\"5896\">Typowe zastosowania<\/h3><ul data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"6007\"><li data-section-id=\"1s132nx\" data-start=\"5898\" data-end=\"5929\">Materia\u0142y termoelektryczne<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1cwkelw\" data-start=\"5930\" data-end=\"5950\">Warstwy funkcjonalne<\/li><li data-section-id=\"wnfl70\" data-start=\"5951\" data-end=\"5963\">P\u00f3\u0142przewodniki<\/li><li data-section-id=\"toi8le\" data-start=\"5964\" data-end=\"5986\">Materia\u0142y badawcze<\/li><li data-section-id=\"tcyljq\" data-start=\"5987\" data-end=\"6007\">Materia\u0142y energetyczne<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43e1555 btn-simple elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"43e1555\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/lsr-termoelektryki\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Zobacz rozwi\u0105zania<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-790102a elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"790102a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"urzdzenia\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2554dcd5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2554dcd5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b380929 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b380929\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zalecane przyrz\u0105dy pomiarowe do warstw cienkich i pow\u0142ok<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ca18b4 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-carousel\" data-id=\"4ca18b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;template_id&quot;:109314,&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;_skin&quot;:&quot;post&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;edit_handle_selector&quot;:&quot;.elementor-loop-container&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;arrows&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"loop-carousel.post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper elementor-loop-container elementor-grid\" role=\"list\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-109314\">.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fe9af43{--display:flex;--min-height:0px;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fe9af43:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fe9af43 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:transparent;background-image:linear-gradient(180deg, var( --e-global-color-3f89367 ) 40%, var( --e-global-color-e6ec8d7 ) 40%);}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c78ad0b{--display:flex;--padding-top:60px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:60px;--padding-right:60px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c049c96{text-align:end;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c049c96 img{width:90px;max-width:90px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c049c96 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px -60px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-94a1695{text-align:end;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-94a1695 img{width:125px;max-width:125px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-94a1695 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:60px 0px -60px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c4f48b3{--display:flex;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:60px;--padding-right:60px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0e7301b .elementor-heading-title{font-weight:700;color:var( --e-global-color-primary );}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0e7301b > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-26c3b66{--display:flex;--padding-top:15px;--padding-bottom:60px;--padding-left:60px;--padding-right:60px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c7c0cf9{color:var( --e-global-color-text );}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c7c0cf9 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 15px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e25ad5f{font-family:\"tt-commons-pro-thin\", Sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;color:var( --e-global-color-text );}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e25ad5f > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 30px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button-content-wrapper{flex-direction:row-reverse;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button .elementor-button-content-wrapper{gap:30px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button{font-family:\"tt-commons-pro\", Sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:2px;fill:var( --e-global-color-secondary );color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );background-color:#FFFFFF00;border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button:hover, .elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button:focus{color:var( --e-global-color-accent );}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button:hover svg, .elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button:focus svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-accent );}@media(max-width:1330px){.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-157efd1 .elementor-button{font-size:12px;}}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fe9af43{--content-width:100%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fe9af43{--padding-top:30px;--padding-bottom:30px;--padding-left:30px;--padding-right:30px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c049c96 img{max-width:90px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c049c96 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px -10px -60px 0px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-94a1695 img{max-width:90px;}.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-94a1695 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:40px -10px -60px 0px;}}\/* Start custom CSS for image, class: .elementor-element-c550419 *\/.elementor-109314 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c550419 img:hover {transform:scale(1.2) ;}\n\nimg {transition:0.5s;}\/* End custom CSS *\/\n\/* Start custom CSS for button, class: .elementor-element-157efd1 *\/:hover {transform: 100px}\/* End custom CSS *\/<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"109314\" class=\"elementor elementor-109314 elementor-374 elementor-374 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-102287 post-102287 messgeraete type-messgeraete status-publish hentry category-hcs-analiza-efektu-halla category-wlasciwosci-elektryczne\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe9af43 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fe9af43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c78ad0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c78ad0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c049c96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c049c96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-1024x359.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-37049\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-1024x359.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-1536x539.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-2048x719.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c550419 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c550419\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/hcs-analiza-efektu-halla\/hcs-1-10-100-hcs-l36\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/HCS-Overview-1200x1500-1-819x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-128709\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/HCS-Overview-1200x1500-1-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/HCS-Overview-1200x1500-1-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/HCS-Overview-1200x1500-1-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/HCS-Overview-1200x1500-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4f48b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c4f48b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e7301b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e7301b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">HCS L36<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c3b66 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26c3b66\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7c0cf9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7c0cf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrecyzyjne pomiary efektu Halla w p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikach, warstwach cienkich i nowoczesnych materia\u0142ach\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-157efd1 btn-simple elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"157efd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:750}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/hcs-analiza-efektu-halla\/hcs-1-10-100-hcs-l36\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"109314\" class=\"elementor elementor-109314 elementor-374 elementor-374 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-102325 post-102325 messgeraete type-messgeraete status-publish hentry category-przewodnosc-cieplna category-termoelektryki-lsr category-tfa-analizator-cienkowarstwowy category-wlasciwosci-elektryczne\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe9af43 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fe9af43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c78ad0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c78ad0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c049c96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c049c96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Patentiert-Banner-ENG-7-1024x359.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-124297\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Patentiert-Banner-ENG-7-1024x359.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Patentiert-Banner-ENG-7-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Patentiert-Banner-ENG-7-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Patentiert-Banner-ENG-7-1536x539.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Patentiert-Banner-ENG-7-2048x719.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c550419 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c550419\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/lsr-termoelektryki\/lsr-l33\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/LSR_3_hochskaliert-1-819x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-111696\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/LSR_3_hochskaliert-1-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/LSR_3_hochskaliert-1-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/LSR_3_hochskaliert-1-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/LSR_3_hochskaliert-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4f48b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c4f48b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e7301b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e7301b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">LSR-3 (LSR L33)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c3b66 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26c3b66\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7c0cf9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7c0cf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik Seebecka \/ Przewodno\u015b\u0107 elektryczna \/ Metoda Harmana \/ ZT na modu\u0142ach\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-157efd1 btn-simple elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"157efd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:750}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/lsr-termoelektryki\/lsr-l33\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"109314\" class=\"elementor elementor-109314 elementor-374 elementor-374 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-102275 post-102275 messgeraete type-messgeraete status-publish hentry category-elektrische-eigenschaft category-tfa-thin-film-analyzer category-tfa-thin-film-analyzer-elektrische-eigenschaft category-waermeleitfaehigkeit\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe9af43 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fe9af43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c78ad0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c78ad0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c550419 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c550419\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/wlasciwosci-elektryczne\/cienka-warstwa-analiza-cienkiej-warstwy\/tfa-l59\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TFA-L59-1200-x-1500-819x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-94998\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TFA-L59-1200-x-1500-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TFA-L59-1200-x-1500-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TFA-L59-1200-x-1500-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TFA-L59-1200-x-1500.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4f48b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c4f48b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e7301b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e7301b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TFA L59<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c3b66 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26c3b66\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7c0cf9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7c0cf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOkre\u015blanie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci fizycznych cienkich warstw\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-157efd1 btn-simple elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"157efd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:750}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/wlasciwosci-elektryczne\/cienka-warstwa-analiza-cienkiej-warstwy\/tfa-l59\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"109314\" class=\"elementor elementor-109314 elementor-374 elementor-374 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-102273 post-102273 messgeraete type-messgeraete status-publish hentry category-tf-lfa-thin-film-laser-flash-analyzer category-waermeleitfaehigkeit\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe9af43 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fe9af43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c78ad0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c78ad0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c049c96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c049c96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-9-1024x359.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-36765\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-9-1024x359.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-9-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-9-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-9-1536x539.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Roter-Textblock-schraeg_NEW-9-2048x719.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c550419 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c550419\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/przewodnosc-cieplna\/tf-lfa-l54\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-819x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-49008\" alt=\"TF-LFA Analyse de couches minces\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4f48b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c4f48b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e7301b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e7301b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TF-LFA L54<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c3b66 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26c3b66\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7c0cf9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7c0cf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPomiary przewodno\u015bci cieplnej \/ dyfuzyjno\u015bci cieplnej: 10 nm &#8211; 20 \u00b5m\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-157efd1 btn-simple elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"157efd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:750}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/przewodnosc-cieplna\/tf-lfa-l54\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2757\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2757\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2756\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2756\"><path id=\"Pfad_2826\" data-name=\"Pfad 2826\" d=\"M4.051,1.129L.98,10.871h2.523L6.58,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><path id=\"Pfad_2827\" data-name=\"Pfad 2827\" d=\"M8.491,1.129l-3.071,9.742h2.523L11.02,1.129h-2.529Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Poprzedni\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 84 52\"><defs><clipPath id=\"clippath\"><rect x=\"1.282\" y=\"1\" width=\"81.438\" height=\"50\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/rect><\/clipPath><\/defs><g id=\"Gruppe_2445\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2445\"><path id=\"Pfad_2793\" data-name=\"Pfad 2793\" d=\"M1.28,1l15.739,49.91v.09s65.7,0,65.7,0L67.02,1.207v-.207s-65.739,0-65.739,0Z\" fill=\"#005ca6\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><g id=\"Gruppe_2426\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2426\"><g clip-path=\"url(#clippath)\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2425\" 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class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"aplikacja\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25525173 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"25525173\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59fabc3e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"59fabc3e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69437f31 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"69437f31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Przyk\u0142ad praktyczny: Charakterystyka termiczna warstw cienkich<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2031aaa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2031aaa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8985d47 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8985d47\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea6209e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea6209e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Niezwykle niska przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna organicznych materia\u0142\u00f3w termoelektrycznych<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3b5194 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c3b5194\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/TFA-L59_Ultralow-Thermal-Conductivity-of-N-Type-Organic-Thermoelectrics-1024x642.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151713\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/TFA-L59_Ultralow-Thermal-Conductivity-of-N-Type-Organic-Thermoelectrics-1024x642.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/TFA-L59_Ultralow-Thermal-Conductivity-of-N-Type-Organic-Thermoelectrics-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/TFA-L59_Ultralow-Thermal-Conductivity-of-N-Type-Organic-Thermoelectrics-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/TFA-L59_Ultralow-Thermal-Conductivity-of-N-Type-Organic-Thermoelectrics-1536x963.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/TFA-L59_Ultralow-Thermal-Conductivity-of-N-Type-Organic-Thermoelectrics-2048x1284.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29a1dba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29a1dba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pomiary przy u\u017cyciu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/urz\u0105dzenia\/wlasciwosci-elektryczne\/cienka-warstwa-analiza-cienkiej-warstwy\/tfa-l59\/\"><strong data-start=\"1251\" data-end=\"1270\">LINSEIS TFA L59<\/strong><\/a> wskazuj\u0105 na wyj\u0105tkowo nisk\u0105 i niemal niezale\u017cn\u0105 od temperatury przewodno\u015b\u0107 ciepln\u0105 cienkiej warstwy PTEG-2 domieszkowanego azotem. W badanym zakresie temperatur przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna utrzymuje si\u0119 <strong data-start=\"1465\" data-end=\"1486\">poni\u017cej 0,1 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/strong> i wzrasta jedynie nieznacznie wraz ze wzrostem temperatury. Ta niska przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna jest decyduj\u0105cym czynnikiem wp\u0142ywaj\u0105cym na wysok\u0105 wydajno\u015b\u0107 termoelektryczn\u0105 materia\u0142u i sprawia, \u017ce PTEG-2 jest szczeg\u00f3lnie interesuj\u0105cy w zastosowaniach takich jak <strong data-start=\"1712\" data-end=\"1799\">elektronika elastyczna, pozyskiwanie energii oraz wykorzystanie niskotemperaturowego ciep\u0142a odpadowego<\/strong>. Pobierz dokument i dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej o pomiarze przewodno\u015bci cieplnej oraz w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bciach transportu ciep\u0142a w organicznych warstwach cienkich.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e934261 elementor-button-align-stretch elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"e934261\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Nast\\u0119pny&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Poprzedni&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <input type=\"hidden\" class=\"conditional_logic_data_js hidden\" data-form-id=\"Dokumentacja techniczna dotycz\u0105ca warstw cienkich\" value=\"[]\" \/>\r\n\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"Dokumentacja techniczna dotycz\u0105ca warstw cienkich\" aria-label=\"Dokumentacja techniczna dotycz\u0105ca warstw cienkich\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"151798\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"e934261\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"Analiza warstw cienkich i pow\u0142ok | Charakterystyka materia\u0142\u00f3w\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"queried_id\" value=\"151798\"\/>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-above\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required elementor-mark-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNazwa\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Nazwa\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_f8bf5d1 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_f8bf5d1\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFirma\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[field_f8bf5d1]\" id=\"form-field-field_f8bf5d1\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Firma\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required elementor-mark-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\te-mail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"e-mail\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-acceptance elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_8bca608 elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required elementor-mark-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_8bca608\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOchrona danych\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-subgroup\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-field-option\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"form_fields[field_8bca608]\" id=\"form-field-field_8bca608\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-acceptance-field\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_8bca608\">Zapozna\u0142em si\u0119 z <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/ochrona-danych\/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"text-decoration: underline\">polityk\u0105 prywatno\u015bci<\/a> i wyra\u017cam zgod\u0119 na przetwarzanie moich danych w celu udost\u0119pnienia mi dokumentu informacyjnego oraz na kontakt ze mn\u0105 przez firm\u0119 Linseis Messger\u00e4te GmbH za po\u015brednictwem poczty elektronicznej. Mog\u0119 w ka\u017cdej chwili wycofa\u0107 swoj\u0105 zgod\u0119. \n<\/label><\/label>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Pobierz dokument techniczny<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a54c0b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a54c0b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5de577e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5de577e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"jup1qf\" data-start=\"8450\" data-end=\"8531\">Dlaczego charakterystyka warstw cienkich i pow\u0142ok ma kluczowe znaczenie<\/h3><p data-start=\"8533\" data-end=\"8796\">W\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci warstwy cienkowarstwowej nie da si\u0119 wiarygodnie wywnioskowa\u0107 na podstawie parametr\u00f3w charakterystycznych odpowiadaj\u0105cego jej materia\u0142u masowego. Grubo\u015b\u0107 warstwy, mikrostruktura, powierzchnie mi\u0119dzyfazowe oraz procesy wytwarzania mog\u0105 znacz\u0105co wp\u0142ywa\u0107 na w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termiczne i elektryczne. <\/p><p data-start=\"8798\" data-end=\"8974\">Bezpo\u015brednia charakterystyka rzeczywistej struktury warstwowej dostarcza zatem kluczowych informacji dla rozwoju materia\u0142\u00f3w, optymalizacji proces\u00f3w i zapewnienia jako\u015bci.<\/p><p data-start=\"8976\" data-end=\"9029\">Po\u0142\u0105czenie nowoczesnych metod analitycznych pozwala na:<\/p><ul data-start=\"9031\" data-end=\"9562\"><li data-section-id=\"1oki3m6\" data-start=\"9031\" data-end=\"9083\">Okre\u015blanie przewodno\u015bci cieplnej cienkich warstw<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1vbvmd6\" data-start=\"9084\" data-end=\"9148\">Charakterystyka przenoszenia ciep\u0142a w p\u0142aszczy\u017anie i mi\u0119dzyp\u0142aszczyznowego<\/li><li data-section-id=\"187zg23\" data-start=\"9149\" data-end=\"9188\">Badanie granic faz termicznych<\/li><li data-section-id=\"jqm4ls\" data-start=\"9189\" data-end=\"9226\">Analiza z\u0142o\u017conych uk\u0142ad\u00f3w wielowarstwowych<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1sfcpdl\" data-start=\"9227\" data-end=\"9275\">Okre\u015blanie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu elektrycznego<\/li><li data-section-id=\"143tvth\" data-start=\"9276\" data-end=\"9340\">Charakterystyka st\u0119\u017cenia no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku i ich ruchliwo\u015bci<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1ds2d30\" data-start=\"9341\" data-end=\"9398\">Badanie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci materia\u0142\u00f3w zale\u017cnych od temperatury<\/li><li data-section-id=\"czjxf6\" data-start=\"9399\" data-end=\"9464\">Por\u00f3wnanie r\u00f3\u017cnych grubo\u015bci warstw i sk\u0142ad\u00f3w<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1p4up2e\" data-start=\"9465\" data-end=\"9506\">Ocena wp\u0142ywu pod\u0142o\u017cy<\/li><li data-section-id=\"1qw1vah\" data-start=\"9507\" data-end=\"9562\">Optymalizacja proces\u00f3w powlekania i osadzania<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b842f32 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b842f32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-324c8de e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"324c8de\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd2b4be elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd2b4be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aplikacje \u2013 nowe technologie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-665adb1 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"665adb1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2438832f elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-carousel\" data-id=\"2438832f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;template_id&quot;:109266,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:30,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;_skin&quot;:&quot;post&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;edit_handle_selector&quot;:&quot;.elementor-loop-container&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;arrows&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"loop-carousel.post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-loop-nothing-found-message\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46c7478 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"46c7478\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91d1999 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"91d1999\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"faq\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd91a22 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dd91a22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47736ed elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"47736ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FAQ \u2013 Warstwy cienkowarstwowe i pow\u0142oki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bcf90b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0bcf90b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-535ac69 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"535ac69\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e716a elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"b7e716a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1920\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1920\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Czym r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 warstwy cienkie od materia\u0142\u00f3w masowych? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1920\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4df7610 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4df7610\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1920\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5afe950 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5afe950\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4b48a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d4b48a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"7703\" data-end=\"7820\">Wraz ze zmniejszaniem si\u0119 grubo\u015bci warstwy coraz wi\u0119ksze znaczenie zyskuj\u0105 mikrostruktura, granice faz i efekty powierzchniowe. Dlatego przewodno\u015b\u0107 cieplna oraz w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci transportu elektrycznego cienkiej warstwy mog\u0105 znacznie odbiega\u0107 od znanych warto\u015bci dla tego samego materia\u0142u w postaci litych bry\u0142. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1921\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1921\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy przewodno\u015bci\u0105 ciepln\u0105 w p\u0142aszczy\u017anie (In-Plane) a przewodno\u015bci\u0105 ciepln\u0105 mi\u0119dzyp\u0142aszczyznow\u0105 (Cross-Plane)? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1921\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b0dfe6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b0dfe6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1921\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5366d3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f5366d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae41e03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae41e03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"7703\" data-end=\"7820\">Termin \u201eIn-Plane\u201d odnosi si\u0119 do przenoszenia ciep\u0142a r\u00f3wnolegle do p\u0142aszczyzny warstwy, natomiast termin \u201eCross-Plane\u201d \u2013 do przenoszenia ciep\u0142a prostopadle do tej p\u0142aszczyzny. Zw\u0142aszcza w przypadku materia\u0142\u00f3w anizotropowych i warstw wielowarstwowych obie te warto\u015bci mog\u0105 si\u0119 znacznie r\u00f3\u017cni\u0107. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1922\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1922\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Dlaczego granice faz termicznych w cienkich warstwach maj\u0105 tak du\u017ce znaczenie? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1922\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b60d937 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b60d937\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1922\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fa385b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0fa385b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-170e736 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"170e736\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"10665\" data-end=\"10969\">Na styku dw\u00f3ch r\u00f3\u017cnych materia\u0142\u00f3w mo\u017ce powsta\u0107 dodatkowa rezystancja cieplna. W przypadku bardzo cienkich warstw ten efekt mi\u0119dzyfazowy mo\u017ce stanowi\u0107 znaczn\u0105 cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowitej rezystancji cieplnej uk\u0142adu i mie\u0107 decyduj\u0105cy wp\u0142yw na odprowadzanie ciep\u0142a. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1923\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1923\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Jakie warstwy cienkowarstwowe i pow\u0142oki mo\u017cna bada\u0107? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1923\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb1dc9e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fb1dc9e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cf3966 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7cf3966\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"1184\" data-end=\"1386\">W zale\u017cno\u015bci od metody pomiarowej mo\u017cna bada\u0107 warstwy cienkie metaliczne, dielektryczne, p\u00f3\u0142przewodnikowe i inne warstwy funkcjonalne, a tak\u017ce warstwy wielowarstwowe. Typowe obszary zastosowa\u0144 to technologia p\u00f3\u0142przewodnik\u00f3w, mikroelektronika, technika czujnik\u00f3w, fotonika, fotowoltaika oraz pow\u0142oki funkcjonalne. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1924\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1924\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy Thin Film \/ 3-Omega a FDTR? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1924\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-885fa76 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"885fa76\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e80fc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e80fc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"11392\" data-end=\"11763\">W metodzie 3-Omega wykorzystuje si\u0119 elektryczn\u0105 struktur\u0119 grzewczo-pomiarow\u0105 w celu okre\u015blenia w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termicznych pr\u00f3bki. Natomiast metoda FDTR opiera si\u0119 na optycznym podej\u015bciu typu \u201epump-probe\u201d i analizuje zale\u017cn\u0105 od temperatury zmian\u0119 wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika odbicia. Metody te opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 zatem na r\u00f3\u017cnych zasadach pomiarowych i wzajemnie si\u0119 uzupe\u0142niaj\u0105 w charakterystyce warstw cienkich.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1925\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1925\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Jakie w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci elektryczne mo\u017cna bada\u0107 w warstwach cienkich? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1925\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af4b751 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"af4b751\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c081199 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c081199\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Za pomoc\u0105 analizy efektu Halla mo\u017cna okre\u015bli\u0107 mi\u0119dzy innymi wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik Halla, st\u0119\u017cenie no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku, ruchliwo\u015b\u0107 no\u015bnik\u00f3w \u0142adunku oraz op\u00f3r elektryczny. Parametry te maj\u0105 szczeg\u00f3lne znaczenie w przypadku p\u00f3\u0142przewodnik\u00f3w i funkcjonalnych warstw elektronicznych. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1926\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1926\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Dlaczego podczas pomiaru warstw cienkich nale\u017cy uwzgl\u0119dni\u0107 pod\u0142o\u017ce? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1926\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d98da85 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d98da85\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ac772 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97ac772\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a3bbb1b-c78c-83eb-84b6-c49a16e3921c-3\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a3bbb1b-c78c-83eb-84b6-c49a16e3921c-3\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a3bbb1b-c78c-83eb-84b6-c49a16e3921c-3\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-72\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"d7f42399-07ac-4b66-9415-84eaf64b43b1\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-6\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full dark markdown-new-styling\"><p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"12651\" data-end=\"12985\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">W przypadku bardzo cienkich warstw w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci termiczne pod\u0142o\u017ca mog\u0105 mie\u0107 istotny wp\u0142yw na zmierzony sygna\u0142 ca\u0142kowity. Dlatego te\u017c odpowiednia strategia pomiarowa i analityczna ma kluczowe znaczenie dla niezawodnego odr\u00f3\u017cnienia w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci samego warstwy od wp\u0142ywu pod\u0142o\u017ca. <\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Czym r\\u00f3\\u017cni\\u0105 si\\u0119 warstwy cienkie od materia\\u0142\\u00f3w masowych?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Wraz ze zmniejszaniem si\\u0119 grubo\\u015bci warstwy coraz wi\\u0119ksze znaczenie zyskuj\\u0105 mikrostruktura, granice faz i efekty powierzchniowe. Dlatego przewodno\\u015b\\u0107 cieplna oraz w\\u0142a\\u015bciwo\\u015bci transportu elektrycznego cienkiej warstwy mog\\u0105 znacznie odbiega\\u0107 od znanych warto\\u015bci dla tego samego materia\\u0142u w postaci litych bry\\u0142.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jaka jest r\\u00f3\\u017cnica mi\\u0119dzy przewodno\\u015bci\\u0105 ciepln\\u0105 w p\\u0142aszczy\\u017anie (In-Plane) a przewodno\\u015bci\\u0105 ciepln\\u0105 mi\\u0119dzyp\\u0142aszczyznow\\u0105 (Cross-Plane)?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Termin \\u201eIn-Plane\\u201d odnosi si\\u0119 do przenoszenia ciep\\u0142a r\\u00f3wnolegle do p\\u0142aszczyzny warstwy, natomiast termin \\u201eCross-Plane\\u201d \\u2013 do przenoszenia ciep\\u0142a prostopadle do tej p\\u0142aszczyzny. Zw\\u0142aszcza w przypadku materia\\u0142\\u00f3w anizotropowych i warstw wielowarstwowych obie te warto\\u015bci mog\\u0105 si\\u0119 znacznie r\\u00f3\\u017cni\\u0107.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Dlaczego granice faz termicznych w cienkich warstwach maj\\u0105 tak du\\u017ce znaczenie?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Na styku dw\\u00f3ch r\\u00f3\\u017cnych materia\\u0142\\u00f3w mo\\u017ce powsta\\u0107 dodatkowa rezystancja cieplna. W przypadku bardzo cienkich warstw ten efekt mi\\u0119dzyfazowy mo\\u017ce stanowi\\u0107 znaczn\\u0105 cz\\u0119\\u015b\\u0107 ca\\u0142kowitej rezystancji cieplnej uk\\u0142adu i mie\\u0107 decyduj\\u0105cy wp\\u0142yw na odprowadzanie ciep\\u0142a.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jakie warstwy cienkowarstwowe i pow\\u0142oki mo\\u017cna bada\\u0107?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"W zale\\u017cno\\u015bci od metody pomiarowej mo\\u017cna bada\\u0107 warstwy cienkie metaliczne, dielektryczne, p\\u00f3\\u0142przewodnikowe i inne warstwy funkcjonalne, a tak\\u017ce warstwy wielowarstwowe. Typowe obszary zastosowa\\u0144 to technologia p\\u00f3\\u0142przewodnik\\u00f3w, mikroelektronika, technika czujnik\\u00f3w, fotonika, fotowoltaika oraz pow\\u0142oki funkcjonalne.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jaka jest r\\u00f3\\u017cnica mi\\u0119dzy Thin Film \\\/ 3-Omega a FDTR?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"W metodzie 3-Omega wykorzystuje si\\u0119 elektryczn\\u0105 struktur\\u0119 grzewczo-pomiarow\\u0105 w celu okre\\u015blenia w\\u0142a\\u015bciwo\\u015bci termicznych pr\\u00f3bki. Natomiast metoda FDTR opiera si\\u0119 na optycznym podej\\u015bciu typu \\u201epump-probe\\u201d i analizuje zale\\u017cn\\u0105 od temperatury zmian\\u0119 wsp\\u00f3\\u0142czynnika odbicia. Metody te opieraj\\u0105 si\\u0119 zatem na r\\u00f3\\u017cnych zasadach pomiarowych i wzajemnie si\\u0119 uzupe\\u0142niaj\\u0105 w charakterystyce warstw cienkich.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jakie w\\u0142a\\u015bciwo\\u015bci elektryczne mo\\u017cna bada\\u0107 w warstwach cienkich?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Za pomoc\\u0105 analizy efektu Halla mo\\u017cna okre\\u015bli\\u0107 mi\\u0119dzy innymi wsp\\u00f3\\u0142czynnik Halla, st\\u0119\\u017cenie no\\u015bnik\\u00f3w \\u0142adunku, ruchliwo\\u015b\\u0107 no\\u015bnik\\u00f3w \\u0142adunku oraz op\\u00f3r elektryczny. Parametry te maj\\u0105 szczeg\\u00f3lne znaczenie w przypadku p\\u00f3\\u0142przewodnik\\u00f3w i funkcjonalnych warstw elektronicznych.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Dlaczego podczas pomiaru warstw cienkich nale\\u017cy uwzgl\\u0119dni\\u0107 pod\\u0142o\\u017ce?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"W przypadku bardzo cienkich warstw w\\u0142a\\u015bciwo\\u015bci termiczne pod\\u0142o\\u017ca mog\\u0105 mie\\u0107 istotny wp\\u0142yw na zmierzony sygna\\u0142 ca\\u0142kowity. Dlatego te\\u017c odpowiednia strategia pomiarowa i analityczna ma kluczowe znaczenie dla niezawodnego odr\\u00f3\\u017cnienia w\\u0142a\\u015bciwo\\u015bci samego warstwy od wp\\u0142ywu pod\\u0142o\\u017ca.\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":151712,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[948,642],"class_list":["post-151798","applikationen","type-applikationen","status-publish","hentry","category-nowe-technologie","category-zastosowania"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applikationen\/151798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applikationen"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/applikationen"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applikationen\/151798\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applikationen\/151712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=151798"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=151798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}