{"id":110855,"date":"2025-11-17T15:30:34","date_gmt":"2025-11-17T14:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/non-classifiee\/cinetique-avancee-et-analyse-du-processus-de-reduction-du-minerai-de-fer-par-lhydrogene-avec-les-systemes-tga-et-sta-de-linseis\/"},"modified":"2025-11-17T15:47:42","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T14:47:42","slug":"cinetique-avancee-et-analyse-du-processus-de-reduction-du-minerai-de-fer-par-lhydrogene-avec-les-systemes-tga-et-sta-de-linseis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/connaissance\/cinetique-avancee-et-analyse-du-processus-de-reduction-du-minerai-de-fer-par-lhydrogene-avec-les-systemes-tga-et-sta-de-linseis\/","title":{"rendered":"Cin\u00e9tique avanc\u00e9e et analyse du processus de r\u00e9duction du minerai de fer par l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne avec les syst\u00e8mes TGA et STA de Linseis"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"110855\" class=\"elementor elementor-110855 elementor-110793\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ffaf4c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8ffaf4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1933122 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1933122\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fbad62 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"8fbad62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable des mati\u00e8res\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__8fbad62\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Ouvrir la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__8fbad62\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Fermer la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__8fbad62\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60a525e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"60a525e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6557b4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6557b4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction  <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-070b40c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"070b40c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00312dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00312dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La r\u00e9duction directe du minerai de fer avec de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne est essentielle \u00e0 la d\u00e9carbonisation de l&rsquo;industrie sid\u00e9rurgique. Les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s \u00e0 base d&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne permettent une r\u00e9duction significative des \u00e9missions de CO\u2082 par rapport \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction conventionnelle avec des porteurs de carbone. Les d\u00e9fis techniques importants li\u00e9s \u00e0 la r\u00e9activit\u00e9 du gaz, au contr\u00f4le de la temp\u00e9rature, aux caract\u00e9ristiques des granul\u00e9s et aux conditions de pression font des donn\u00e9es cin\u00e9tiques valid\u00e9es exp\u00e9rimentalement une ressource cl\u00e9 pour le d\u00e9veloppement de r\u00e9acteurs industriels de r\u00e9duction directe \u00e0 l&rsquo;H\u2082. Les syst\u00e8mes TGA et STA de Linseis fournissent des donn\u00e9es de mesure tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cises sur les voies de r\u00e9action, les phases interm\u00e9diaires et la dynamique de l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re &#8211; des informations essentielles pour optimiser et mod\u00e9liser la r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne (Kim et al., 2021 ; Ratzker et al., 2025).   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0be888 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a0be888\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chimie des r\u00e9actions et principes de base des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-550d1e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"550d1e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;oxyde de fer(III) (Fe\u2082O\u2083) par l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne se fait par \u00e9tapes, via Fe\u2083O\u2084 et FeO, pour aboutir au fer m\u00e9tallique. La vitesse et l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 de ces conversions sont influenc\u00e9es par de nombreux facteurs, notamment la porosit\u00e9, les d\u00e9fauts dans les granul\u00e9s, les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de diffusion et les changements d&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re. Les processus de diffusion et la pression partielle de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne d\u00e9terminent en grande partie les vitesses de r\u00e9action, tandis que la vapeur d&rsquo;eau form\u00e9e pendant la r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne doit \u00eatre continuellement \u00e9limin\u00e9e en tant que produit de r\u00e9action pour \u00e9viter une r\u00e9oxydation (Shankar et al., 2025 ; Fradet et al., 2023). L&rsquo;enregistrement analytique simultan\u00e9 des changements de masse, des effets thermiques et des phases gazeuses est donc essentiel pour une compr\u00e9hension compl\u00e8te du processus.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e5e34d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5e5e34d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db9db7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db9db7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Installation de l'\u00e9quipement et m\u00e9thodologie de mesure<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1f7dd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d1f7dd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d96387c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d96387c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/tga-thermogravimetry\/tga-l87-msb\/\"><strong>Linseis TGA L87 MSB<\/strong><\/a> est particuli\u00e8rement adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des \u00e9chantillons de poudre et des mat\u00e9riaux de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en raison de sa grande sensibilit\u00e9. Le contr\u00f4le de l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re rapidement commutable (y compris H\u2082, N\u2082, Ar, et leurs m\u00e9langes) permet des conditions variables contr\u00f4l\u00e9es. Le couplage avec un spectrom\u00e8tre de masse (MS) permet l&rsquo;analyse en temps r\u00e9el des gaz form\u00e9s, en particulier H\u2082O et les sous-produits potentiels.  <\/p><p>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/thermal-analysis\/simultaneous-thermal-analyzer-tga-dsc\/sta-l81\/\"><strong>Linseis STA L81<\/strong><\/a> combine <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/tga-thermogravimetry\/\"><strong>thermogravim\u00e9trie (TG)<\/strong><\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/differential-scanning-calorimeter-dsc\/\"><strong>calorim\u00e9trie diff\u00e9rentielle \u00e0 balayage (DSC)<\/strong><\/a>Ainsi, au cours de la r\u00e9action de r\u00e9duction, non seulement les changements de poids mais aussi les effets \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques tels que l&rsquo;endothermie ou l&rsquo;exothermie sont pris en compte. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/connaissance\/reactions-endothermiques-et-exothermiques\/\"><strong>r\u00e9actions endothermiques ou exothermiques<\/strong><\/a> r\u00e9actions endothermiques ou exothermiques. En particulier lors de la transition de Fe\u2083O\u2084 \u00e0 FeO ou de FeO \u00e0 Fe, des signatures thermiques caract\u00e9ristiques apparaissent et soutiennent l&rsquo;interpr\u00e9tation de la cin\u00e9tique de la r\u00e9action et des phases interm\u00e9diaires. <\/p><p>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/thermal-analysis\/simultaneous-thermal-analyzer-tga-dsc\/sta-hp-l85\/\"><strong>Linseis STA HP L85<\/strong><\/a> permet d&rsquo;effectuer des mesures dans des conditions r\u00e9elles de processus, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 une pression d&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne \u00e9lev\u00e9e et des d\u00e9bits de gaz contr\u00f4lables avec pr\u00e9cision. Cela permet de simuler des processus sur des pastilles compl\u00e8tes ; la cin\u00e9tique d\u00e9pendant de la pression et du d\u00e9bit de gaz peut \u00eatre cartographi\u00e9e, les changements de gaz effectu\u00e9s sous charge et les contr\u00f4les de gaz pertinents pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 test\u00e9s. Le choix flexible des porte-\u00e9chantillons (\u00e9trier en platine pour les poudres et creuset en c\u00e9ramique pour les pastilles) compl\u00e8te l&rsquo;adaptabilit\u00e9 aux diff\u00e9rentes conceptions d&rsquo;\u00e9tude.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1f64f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c1f64f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36d5ca3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36d5ca3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Objectifs exp\u00e9rimentaux et strat\u00e9gie d'\u00e9valuation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39b5ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"39b5ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59b342a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59b342a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ces plates-formes de mesure permettent de r\u00e9pondre concr\u00e8tement aux questions scientifiques suivantes :<\/p><ul><li><b>Cin\u00e9tique de r\u00e9duction en fonction de la temp\u00e9rature :<\/b> \u00c9tude \u00e0 600, 700 et 900 \u00b0C, diff\u00e9renciation des taux de r\u00e9action pour diff\u00e9rentes formes de pastilles et de poudres.<\/li><li><b>D\u00e9pendance \u00e0 la pression :<\/b> S\u00e9rie d&rsquo;exp\u00e9riences \u00e0 1, 10, 30 et 50 bars ; identification de l&rsquo;influence de la pression sur le temps n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction compl\u00e8te.<\/li><li><b>Phases interm\u00e9diaires et \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique :<\/b> Analyse \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape des pertes de masse (Fe\u2082O\u2083 \u2192 Fe\u2083O\u2084 \u2192 FeO \u2192 Fe) et attribution des effets thermiques caract\u00e9ristiques par DSC.<\/li><li><b>Analyse en phase gazeuse :<\/b> D\u00e9tection en temps r\u00e9el des produits de r\u00e9action par <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/l40-ega-gcms\/\"><strong>MS<\/strong><\/a>Analyse de la phase gazeuse : corr\u00e9lation entre la perte de masse et l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne et de l&rsquo;eau dans le gaz.<\/li><li><b>Modifications de la microstructure :<\/b> Observation avant\/apr\u00e8s \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de la microscopie \u00e9lectronique (par exemple, changements dans la structure des pores et la croissance des grains en fonction de la pression et de la temp\u00e9rature).<\/li><li><b>Mod\u00e9lisation combin\u00e9e :<\/b> D\u00e9rivation de param\u00e8tres cin\u00e9tiques qui servent de base de donn\u00e9es pour l&rsquo;optimisation et la mise \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle des processus assist\u00e9s par simulation (Raabe, 2021 ; Fradet et al., 2023).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11f9f4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"11f9f4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cd2a02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8cd2a02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Application et perspective industrielle<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8692f1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8692f1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6454cc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6454cc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les ensembles de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par les syst\u00e8mes Linseis sont essentiels pour la simulation des processus et pour le d\u00e9veloppement de strat\u00e9gies de contr\u00f4le dans les usines de r\u00e9duction directe \u00e0 base de H\u2082. Ils constituent la base de l&rsquo;assurance qualit\u00e9 des granul\u00e9s, aident \u00e0 identifier les fen\u00eatres de fonctionnement et les limites de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, et permettent de mod\u00e9liser des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes gazeux complexes dans une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;applications industrielles (Souza Filho et al., 2021 ; Ratzker et al., 2025). <\/p><p>Outre l&rsquo;exemple suivant sur la cin\u00e9tique d&rsquo;oxydation du cuivre, le concept de flux forc\u00e9 peut \u00eatre \u00e9tendu de mani\u00e8re transparente aux environnements \u00e0 pression contr\u00f4l\u00e9e et aux voies de r\u00e9action induites par la r\u00e9duction, ce qui permet d&rsquo;\u00e9largir l&rsquo;enveloppe op\u00e9rationnelle pour les \u00e9tudes avanc\u00e9es sur les gaz et les solides.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd8daa6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fd8daa6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa219f6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fa219f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Forced-Flow-Application-01-01-1024x642.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-85510\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Forced-Flow-Application-01-01-1024x642.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Forced-Flow-Application-01-01-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Forced-Flow-Application-01-01-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Forced-Flow-Application-01-01-1536x962.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Forced-Flow-Application-01-01-2048x1283.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">D\u00e9bit forc\u00e9 : Taux d'oxydation du cuivre<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6806433 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6806433\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed05403 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed05403\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L&rsquo;oxydation du cuivre produit de l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre, la vitesse de r\u00e9action d\u00e9pendant fortement de l&rsquo;alimentation en gaz. Le principe du flux forc\u00e9 garantit que l&rsquo;agent oxydant (O\u2082) est distribu\u00e9 rapidement et uniform\u00e9ment sur l&rsquo;ensemble de l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but. La r\u00e9action se produit ainsi beaucoup plus rapidement qu&rsquo;avec les m\u00e9thodes conventionnelles, o\u00f9 le gaz n&rsquo;atteint l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon que progressivement.  <\/p><p>La r\u00e9action de formation de l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre est la suivante :<br>2Cu + O\u2082 \u2192 2 CuO<\/p><p>Gr\u00e2ce au flux de gaz forc\u00e9, l&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne r\u00e9agit efficacement avec le cuivre &#8211; pour des r\u00e9actions acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9es et des analyses plus pr\u00e9cises dans des conditions r\u00e9alistes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-855c3ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"855c3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4a56e5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e4a56e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Iron-ore-air-oxidation-1024x642.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-110809\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Iron-ore-air-oxidation-1024x642.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Iron-ore-air-oxidation-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Iron-ore-air-oxidation-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Iron-ore-air-oxidation-1536x963.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Iron-ore-air-oxidation-2048x1284.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-429446b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"429446b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c26cdce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c26cdce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Courbes de conversion en fonction du temps obtenues \u00e0 partir d&rsquo;exp\u00e9riences d&rsquo;oxydation \u00e0 l&rsquo;air de minerai de fer en macro TG (r\u00e9alis\u00e9es dans un Linseis TGA L83) \u00e0 500, 800 et 1000 \u25e6C (lignes grises, noires et rouges, respectivement), en utilisant dans tous les cas des creusets scell\u00e9s par un couvercle perfor\u00e9 en alumine (porosit\u00e9 de 0,10). Les points correspondent aux r\u00e9sultats exp\u00e9rimentaux et les lignes continues repr\u00e9sentent les pr\u00e9visions du mod\u00e8le. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2493840 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2493840\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac3bfeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac3bfeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-110839 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-scaled.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1605\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-scaled.png 2560w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-1024x642.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-1536x963.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Time-dependent-mass-signal-2048x1284.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p><p><br><br><br><br>(a) Signal de masse d\u00e9pendant du temps de la TGA<\/p><p><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-110828 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-scaled.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1605\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-scaled.png 2560w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-1024x642.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-1536x963.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-degree-as-a-function-of-time-2048x1284.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><br>(b) Degr\u00e9 de r\u00e9duction (0e100%) en fonction du temps<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bd9a4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6bd9a4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e904e81 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e904e81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-of-iron-ore-1024x642.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-110820\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-of-iron-ore-1024x642.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-of-iron-ore-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-of-iron-ore-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-of-iron-ore-1536x963.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Reduction-of-iron-ore-2048x1284.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">R\u00e9duction des boulettes de minerai de fer \u00e0 l'hydrog\u00e8ne<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77bd3ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"77bd3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e9988 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26e9988\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion et perspectives<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-661882c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"661882c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d1f563 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d1f563\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les appareils TGA et STA de Linseis offrent une combinaison unique de sensibilit\u00e9, de stabilit\u00e9 de la temp\u00e9rature et de la pression, de contr\u00f4le rapide du changement de gaz et de s\u00e9lection flexible de l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re. Ils conviennent aussi bien aux \u00e9tudes thermodynamiques de base qu&rsquo;aux tests de processus orient\u00e9s vers les applications sur les poudres et les granul\u00e9s. Les perspectives d&rsquo;avenir comprennent l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de m\u00e9langes gazeux complexes (par exemple, H\u2082\/CO\/CO\u2082) et l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des cycles de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne pour les futurs proc\u00e9d\u00e9s sid\u00e9rurgiques enti\u00e8rement durables (Ma et al., 2022).  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-436cd6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"436cd6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30df820 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"30df820\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd24354 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd24354\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/strong><\/p><p>Fradet, Q., Kurnatowska, M. et Riedel, U. (2023). R\u00e9duction thermochimique des poudres d&rsquo;oxyde de fer avec de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne : Review of selected thermal analysis studies. <em>Thermochimica Acta<\/em>, <em>725<\/em>, 179552.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tca.2023.179552<\/p><p>Kim, S.-H., Zhang, X., Ma, Y., Souza Filho, I. R., Schweinar, K., Angenendt, K., Vogel, D., Stephenson, L., El-Zoka, A., Mianroodi, J. R., Rohwerder, M., Gault, B. et Raabe, D. (2021). Influence de la microstructure et de la chimie \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle atomique sur la r\u00e9duction directe du minerai de fer avec de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne \u00e0 700 \u00b0C. <em>Acta Materialia<\/em>, <em>212<\/em>, 116933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actamat.2021.116933<\/p><p>Ma, Y., Souza Filho, I. R., Zhang, X., Nandy, S., Barriobero-Vila, P., Requena, G., Vogel, D., Rohwerder, M., Ponge, D., Springer, H. et Raabe, D. (2022). R\u00e9duction directe de l&rsquo;oxyde de fer par l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne \u00e0 700 \u00b0C : Heterogeneity at pellet and microstructure scales. <em>International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials<\/em>, <em>29<\/em>(10), 1901-1907.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12613-022-2440-5<\/p><p>Raabe, D. (2021). Simulation de la r\u00e9duction directe \u00e0 base d&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne. Recherche de Dierk Raabe.   https:\/\/www.dierk-raabe.com\/simulation-of-hydrogen-based-direct-reduction\/<\/p><p>Ratzker, B., Ruffino, M., Shankar, S., Raabe, D. et Ma, Y. (2025). Elucidating the microstructure evolution during hydrogen-based direct reduction via a case study of single crystal hematite. <em>Acta Materialia<\/em>, <em>294<\/em>, 121174.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actamat.2025.121174<\/p><p>Shankar, S., Ratzker, B., da Silva, A. K., Schwarz, T. M., Brouwer, H., Gault, B., Ma, Y. et Raabe, D. (2025). Unraveling the thermodynamics and mechanism behind the lowering of direct reduction temperatures in oxide mixtures (D\u00e9cryptage de la thermodynamique et du m\u00e9canisme derri\u00e8re l&rsquo;abaissement des temp\u00e9ratures de r\u00e9duction directe dans les m\u00e9langes d&rsquo;oxydes). <em>Acta Materialia<\/em>, <em>282<\/em>, 120445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actamat.2025.05358 (\u00e9galement disponible comme arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.12947)  <\/p><p>Souza Filho, I. R., Ma, Y., Kulse, M., Ponge, D., Gault, B., Springer, H. et Raabe, D. (2021). Acier durable par r\u00e9duction du minerai de fer par plasma d&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne : Processus, cin\u00e9tique, microstructure, chimie. <em>Acta Materialia<\/em>, <em>213<\/em>, 116971.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actamat.2021.116971<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdd3ee6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cdd3ee6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La r\u00e9duction directe du minerai de fer avec de l&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne est essentielle \u00e0 la d\u00e9carbonisation de l&rsquo;industrie sid\u00e9rurgique. Les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s \u00e0 base d&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne permettent une r\u00e9duction significative des \u00e9missions de CO\u2082 par rapport \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction conventionnelle \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de vecteurs de carbone.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":110797,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-connaissance"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110855"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110855\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/110797"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}