{"id":93619,"date":"2025-08-07T10:31:47","date_gmt":"2025-08-07T08:31:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/unkategorisiert\/identification-of-degradation-products-and-monitoring-of-volatile-additives-in-thermoplastics-using-ega-ftir\/"},"modified":"2025-09-02T14:49:18","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T12:49:18","slug":"identification-of-degradation-products-and-monitoring-of-volatile-additives-in-thermoplastics-using-ega-ftir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/identification-of-degradation-products-and-monitoring-of-volatile-additives-in-thermoplastics-using-ega-ftir\/","title":{"rendered":"Identification of degradation products and monitoring of volatile additives in thermoplastics using EGA-FTIR"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"93619\" class=\"elementor elementor-93619 elementor-93538\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ac1a05 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7ac1a05\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b9ff49 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0b9ff49\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d6f017 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8d6f017\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8746a20 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8746a20\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c125dd9 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"c125dd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__c125dd9\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__c125dd9\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__c125dd9\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f621ed6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f621ed6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction and basics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75000e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75000e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evolved gas analysis in combination with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/l40-ega-ftir\/\"><strong>(EGA-FTIR)<\/strong><\/a> is an established method for analyzing the thermal stability and emissions of additives in thermoplastics such as <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/high-density-polyethylene-hdpe-an-inside-look\/\">polyethylene (PE)<\/a>,<\/strong> polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA). Especially in the early stages of a thermoprocess, EGA-FTIR enables the detection of degradation products and volatile, mostly low-molecular additives even before macro defects or significant material damage occur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60e3adc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60e3adc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Functional principle of the EGA-FTIR method<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9274b8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9274b8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Measuring principle<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-616e9ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"616e9ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In EGA-FTIR, the polymer to be analyzed is heated during a controlled temperature program. The volatile substances released (e.g. emissions of additives, cleavage products, residual monomers) are transferred directly into a gas cell of the FTIR spectrometer and analyzed there (4). The resulting infrared spectra allow qualitative and (with calibration) also quantitative identification of the released substances based on characteristic absorption bands.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0c4be9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a0c4be9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Procedure<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbee7f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fbee7f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Heating the sample:<\/strong> The polymer material is heated in a special thermobalance oven (e.g. in TGA mode) under controlled conditions (temperature rise, defined atmosphere).<\/li><li><strong>Release of volatile compounds:<\/strong> Additives, plasticizers, low-molecular components or initial degradation products evaporate even at moderate temperatures and are discharged from the oven as a gas stream (&#8220;evolved gases&#8221;).<\/li><li><strong>Transfer to the FTIR:<\/strong> These gases are transported continuously or step by step via a transfer line into a gas cuvette of the FTIR spectrometer.<\/li><li><strong>IR analysis:<\/strong> In FTIR, the molecules are identified by their characteristic infrared absorption band. Each additive or degradation product has a specific IR spectrum (fingerprint), so that even complex mixtures can be analyzed qualitatively and &#8211; with calibration &#8211; quantitatively. <\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e844e6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e844e6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb61d0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fb61d0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Blog-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-93598\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Blog-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Blog-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Blog-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Blog.png 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a66649 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a66649\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Specific emission products of thermoplastics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80693b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"80693b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Polyethylene (PE)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32d8a7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32d8a7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Main products:<\/strong> Aliphatic hydrocarbons during pyrolysis, gaseous products such as ethane, ethene, propane, propene, pentanes and other low molecular weight alkane and alkene compounds<\/li><li><strong>Oxidation products:<\/strong> CO, CO\u2082 during oxidation, especially in the later stages or at elevated temperatures<\/li><li><strong>FTIR characteristics:<\/strong> Intense bands for C-H stretching vibrations of aliphatic chains<\/li><li><strong>Special features:<\/strong> Virtually no nitrogen-containing compounds, as PE contains no nitrogen groups<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d1666 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87d1666\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Polypropylene (PP)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c11b06e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c11b06e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Main products:<\/strong> Comparable to PE, but increased alkene emissions such as propene, 2-methylpropene and various alkene and alkane derivatives<\/li><li><strong>Oxidized degradation products:<\/strong> Aldehydes, ketones (especially acetaldehyde, acetones) and carboxylic acids (e.g. acetic acid), especially during oxidative degradation (2)<\/li><li><strong>Other gases:<\/strong> CO, CO\u2082, H\u2082 and smaller quantities of hydrogen<\/li><li><strong>FTIR characteristics:<\/strong> Typical C-H valence vibrations at slightly different wavenumbers of PE due to the methyl group structures<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426a8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1426a8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Polyamide (PA)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a49a52e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a49a52e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Specific products:<\/strong> Ammonia (NH\u2083), caprolactam (in PA6), low molecular weight amides and cyclohexanone even at moderate temperatures (150-300\u00b0C)<\/li><li><strong>Other emissions:<\/strong> Butadiene, alkylamides and small quantities of aliphatic and aromatic nitrogen compounds<\/li><li><strong>FTIR characteristics:<\/strong> Especially the carbonyl band (C=O) around 1712 cm-\u00b9 as well as absorption bands for NH and CO groups, which clearly distinguish PA-6 from PE and PP<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19d7595 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"19d7595\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c436b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c436b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comparative overview<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3b74fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"a3b74fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<table id=\"tablepress-231\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-231\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">Polymer<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">Hauptemissionsprodukte<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">Spezifische Molek\u00fcle<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">Spektrale Besonderheiten<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">PE<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Aliphatische KW, CO, CO\u2082<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Ethan, Ethen, Propan, Pentane<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">C\u2013H aliphatisch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">PP<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Aliphatische KW, Aldehyde, CO\u2082<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Propen, Acetaldehyd, Essigs\u00e4ure<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">C\u2013H + Methylgruppen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">PA<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Amide, Stickstoffverbindungen<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Ammoniak, Caprolactam, Cyclohexanon<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">NH-, C=O-Banden, aromatische Fragmente<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-231 from cache --><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2a33f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f2a33f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Application examples and research results<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-182b93f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"182b93f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Various studies demonstrate the efficiency of the EGA-FTIR method.Biale et al. showed that the thermal degradation profiles of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) can be detected very sensitively using EGA recordings. For PP, for example, the method showed a reduction in the start-of-degradation temperature as a result of artificial ageing, combined with changes in gas emissions (1).  <\/p><p>Park et al. were able to precisely determine times and temperatures for the emission of specific pyrolysis products from various thermoplastics using TG-FTIR. In particular, gases with low molecular weight &#8211; such as additives or monomers &#8211; were quantified early in the temperature program (2).  <\/p><p>Cuthbertson et al. described the possibility of identifying additives using FTIR spectra in EGA mode and tracking their concentration via the temperature development (3). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-735dcb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"735dcb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Advantages and areas of application<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3a3821 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e3a3821\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Specific advantages<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4627a25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4627a25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>High sensitivity<\/strong> for volatile and semi-volatile organic additives<\/li><li><strong>Early detection:<\/strong> All volatile and semi-volatile additives are detected in the early stages of the heating process &#8211; even before macroscopic changes to the solid are visible<\/li><li><strong>Specific identification of<\/strong> individual emissions via characteristic FTIR bands<\/li><li><strong>Can be integrated<\/strong> into existing thermobalance systems (5)<\/li><li><strong>Wide range of applications:<\/strong> In addition to additives, residual monomers, solvents or chemical modifications can also be monitored via their gas emissions<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf8d73f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf8d73f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Areas of application<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a90ae64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a90ae64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Quality assurance of raw polymers<\/li><li>Additive stability in the recycling process<\/li><li>Development of low-pollutant formulations<\/li><li>Error analysis in everyday laboratory work<\/li><li>Fast, non-destructive quality monitoring<\/li><li>Root cause analysis for laboratory, production or recycling processes<\/li><li>Testing of raw materials<\/li><li>Development of new additive systems<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f57c82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6f57c82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47a57e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"47a57e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6866e1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6866e1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><p>The EGA-FTIR method is ideal for the proactive monitoring and development of sustainable polymer formulations with controlled emission profiles. These specific emission products enable early and selective identification of thermoplastics and their additives already in the early-stage thermal process. Laboratory users and engineers will find EGA-FTIR a powerful package for routine testing, failure analysis and in-process control.  <\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12377b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"12377b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5502298 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5502298\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0175788 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0175788\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>List of sources<\/strong><\/p><p>(1) Biale, G. et al. (2021). A Systematic Study on the Degradation Products of Polypropylene and Other Common Polymers via EGA-MS and Py-GC-MS Analyses. PMC. <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8234390\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8234390\/<\/a><\/p><p>(2) Park, K.B. et al. (2023). Pyrolysis products from various types of plastics using TG-FTIR. <em>ScienceDirect.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0165237023001274\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0165237023001274<\/a><\/p><p>(3) Cuthbertson, A.A. et al. (2024). Characterization of polymer properties and identification of additives: Opportunities with TGA-FTIR. <em>RSC Publishing.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2024\/gc\/d4gc00659c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2024\/gc\/d4gc00659c<\/a><\/p><p>(4) Measurlabs (2006). Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) | TGA-FTIR &amp; TGA-MS.   <a href=\"https:\/\/measurlabs.com\/methods\/evolved-gas-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/measurlabs.com\/methods\/evolved-gas-analysis\/<\/a><\/p><p>(5) Linseis Messger\u00e4te GmbH (2025). Description of the Gas Analysis L40 EGA FTIR for thermobalances. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/l40-ega-ftir\/ct\">https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/l40-ega-ftir\/ct*.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0165237023001274\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0165237023001274<\/a> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Evolved gas analysis in combination with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (EGA-FTIR) is an established method for analyzing the thermal stability and emissions of additives in thermoplastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA).  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":93586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wiki"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93619"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93619\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}