{"id":23228,"date":"2024-07-18T08:35:45","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T06:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/biomass\/"},"modified":"2025-08-22T08:57:45","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T06:57:45","slug":"biomass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/biomass\/","title":{"rendered":"Biomass: analysis, potential and industrial practice in the context of the energy transition"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"23228\" class=\"elementor elementor-23228 elementor-10563\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9eb8745 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9eb8745\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5239a1 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"f5239a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__f5239a1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__f5239a1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__f5239a1\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffaef65 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ffaef65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Biomass is one of the main pillars of the global energy transition and the development of sustainable materials. It comprises all organic matter of plant, animal or microbial origin that is present in a given ecosystem at a given time. The energetic and material utilization of biomass enables the reduction of fossil energy sources and contributes significantly to decarbonization and the circular economy [Osman et al., 2021].  <\/p><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The complexity of biomass &#8211; from woody residues to agricultural waste and biogenic mixed fractions &#8211; poses different technical, ecological and economic challenges [Mahapatra et al., 2021]. In order to fully exploit the potential, precise analytical characterization is required: thermal analysis methods such as TGA and DSC play a central role here. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eac9a92 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eac9a92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biomasse_Hackschnitzel-1-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10581\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biomasse_Hackschnitzel-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biomasse_Hackschnitzel-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biomasse_Hackschnitzel-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biomasse_Hackschnitzel-1.png 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-039b6a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"039b6a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Composition and characterization of biomass<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2406cd4 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2406cd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The basic structure of biomass is made up of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. These polymers determine the mechanical, thermal and energetic properties of the source material [Barot, 2022]: <\/p>\n<ul class=\"marker:text-quiet list-disc\">\n<li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\">\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><strong>Cellulose<\/strong> forms the solid matrix as a glucose polymer.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\">\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><strong>Hemicellulose<\/strong> contains branched sugar structures (e.g. xylans).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\">\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><strong>Lignin<\/strong> is a complex, three-dimensional polymer of aromatic alcohols and provides strength and hydrophobicity.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The composition varies depending on the type of plant, age and degree of maturity. Additives such as moisture, ash, nitrogen and sulphur influence combustion quality, emissions and energy yield. Modern analysis technology records these parameters for industrial evaluation and quality control [Linseis, 2025].  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0d73d8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c0d73d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biofuels_Zeichenflaeche-1-1024x908-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10598\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biofuels_Zeichenflaeche-1-1024x908-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biofuels_Zeichenflaeche-1-1024x908-1-300x266.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Biofuels_Zeichenflaeche-1-1024x908-1-768x681.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15c444b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15c444b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Energy and material utilization<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b62ec29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b62ec29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bioenergy in figures and development<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-577bcd6 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"577bcd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Biomass accounts for a substantial proportion of the renewable energy mix in Germany and Europe: Over 60 % is used for energy &#8211; as direct fuels for heat and electricity or in biogas plants [Berlin, 2025]. The remainder is used for material recycling or as a substrate for the production of synthesis gas and hydrogen [DBFZ, 2025]. <\/p><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">In terms of political strategy, the focus is shifting to sustainable system integration. Competing uses must be avoided, residual material flows must be intelligently tapped and the entire life cycle must be evaluated from an environmental and resource perspective [Mahapatra et al., 2021]. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db92fc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db92fc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Industrial fields of application<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8a5bf5 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8a5bf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"marker:text-quiet list-disc\"><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Energy generation: Use as fuel in power plants or to generate process heat.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Biofuels: Production of bioethanol and biodiesel from sugar and oils.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Chemicals: Biogenic platform chemicals, basic materials for the plastics and pharmaceutical industries.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Modern processes: Pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, gasification for the production of synthesis gas and &#8220;green&#8221; hydrogen [Barot, 2022][Mahapatra et al., 2021].<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69f28e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"69f28e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Thermal analysis methods: TGA, DSC and EGA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60fdf68 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60fdf68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The thermal and kinetic behavior of biomass is evaluated using proven methods:<\/p><ul class=\"marker:text-quiet list-disc\"><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/tga-thermogravimetry\/\"><strong>Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA):<\/strong><\/a> Captures <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/mass-change\/\"><strong>mass losses<\/strong><\/a>decomposition profiles and volatile components as a function of temperature. This can be used to determine the moisture content, degradation points of cellulose\/hemicellulose\/lignin and the ash image [Osman et al., 2021][Linseis, 2025]. <\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/differential-scanning-calorimeter-dsc\/\"><strong>Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC):<\/strong><\/a> Measures energy flows and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/specific-heat-capacity\/\"><strong>heat capacity<\/strong><\/a> during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/endothermic-vs-exothermic-reactions\/\"><strong>endo- and exothermic<\/strong><\/a> processes, e.g. pyrolysis, combustion or evaporation [Barot, 2022].<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/ega-gas-analysis\/\"><strong>Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA):<\/strong><\/a> Identifies and quantifies released gases using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/l40-ega-gcms\/\"><strong>coupled mass spectrometry<\/strong><\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/additional-devices-support\/l40-ega-ftir\/\"><strong>IR detection<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><br>The combination of these processes provides information on product distribution, kinetics and optimization potential for industrial applications &#8211; from process control to the development of new bioenergetic material cycles.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-950f68a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"950f68a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Linseis technology: solutions for practical applications<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c799983 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c799983\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Linseis analyzers provide researchers and industry partners with precise tools to:<\/p><ul class=\"marker:text-quiet list-disc\"><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><b>various sample types<\/b> (straw, olive leaves, residues) under variable atmosphere and pressure conditions,<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><b>specific decomposition kinetics, residual moisture and ash content,<\/b> <\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><b>product quality<\/b> in the production of bioenergy, <b>synthesis gas<\/b> or <b>platform chemicals<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\"><br>A practical example: simulated gasification experiments can be used to map large-scale reactor processes on a laboratory scale and optimize them in a targeted manner &#8211; for example with regard to energy yield, emissions and product quality [Linseis, 2025].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9005ea0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9005ea0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Norms and standards<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0572661 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0572661\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Standards such as ASTM E1131 (thermal composition analysis), ASTM E1641 (decomposition kinetics via Ozawa-Flynn-Wall) and E2008 (volatility measurement) are established worldwide. They ensure the comparability and quality of the measurement data and form the basis for the design of sustainable bioenergy projects and the certification of new materials. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce08ac2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce08ac2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research, trends and outlook<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c359ec elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c359ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Current trends include the:<\/p><ul class=\"marker:text-quiet list-disc\"><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Production of hydrogen from residual biomass,<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Development of smart bioenergy concepts,<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Integration of bioenergy into regional value chains and industrial processes,<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Life cycle assessments to evaluate greenhouse gas potential and environmental impacts [Osman et al., 2021][DBFZ, 2025].<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">International research projects strengthen the competitiveness of biogenic products compared to fossil materials and help to establish new processes and standards.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcf73dd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bcf73dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iStock-1304283003-1024x683-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10608\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iStock-1304283003-1024x683-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iStock-1304283003-1024x683-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iStock-1304283003-1024x683-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67ad6a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"67ad6a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1080\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1080\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What distinguishes biomass from fossil fuels? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1080\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57202dd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"57202dd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faf12f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"faf12f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Biomass comes from renewable resources and contributes to the circular economy, while fossil fuels are based on finite deposits [Osman et al., 2021].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1081\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1081\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What added value does thermal analysis offer in practice? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1081\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dd524f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4dd524f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cda301a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cda301a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It enables precise and reliable quality control, process optimization and the development of new products and processes &#8211; from biofuels to innovative material solutions [Barot, 2022][Linseis, 2025].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1082\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1082\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> How sustainable is biomass really? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1082\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cebc37a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cebc37a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ed3ebe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ed3ebe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sustainability depends on system integration, land use aspects and circular processes. Modern assessments take into account the entire life cycle and environmental impacts [DBFZ, 2025][Mahapatra et al., 2021]. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1083\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1083\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What role does Linseis technology play in the bioeconomy? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1083\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-701849e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"701849e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bee98f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2bee98f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Linseis offers advanced tools for the thermal analysis of biogenic raw materials, enabling the development of practical solutions for research, industry and environmental quality assurance [Linseis, 2025].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What distinguishes biomass from fossil fuels?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Biomass comes from renewable resources and contributes to the circular economy, while fossil fuels are based on finite deposits [Osman et al., 2021].\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What added value does thermal analysis offer in practice?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"It enables precise and reliable quality control, process optimization and the development of new products and processes &#8211; from biofuels to innovative material solutions [Barot, 2022][Linseis, 2025].\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How sustainable is biomass really?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Sustainability depends on system integration, land use aspects and circular processes. Modern assessments take into account the entire life cycle and environmental impacts [DBFZ, 2025][Mahapatra et al., 2021].\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What role does Linseis technology play in the bioeconomy?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Linseis offers advanced tools for the thermal analysis of biogenic raw materials, enabling the development of practical solutions for research, industry and environmental quality assurance [Linseis, 2025].\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eeb9cf5 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eeb9cf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References:\n\n\n<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d20d592 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d20d592\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Ahmed I. Osman, Neha Mehta, Ahmed M. Elgarahy, Amer Al-Hinai, Ala&#8217;a H. Al-Muhtaseb &amp; David W. Rooney (2021): Conversion of biomass to biofuels and life cycle assessment: a review. Energy &amp; Environmental Science, Vol. 19, pp. 4075-4118.  <\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Sangita Mahapatra, Dilip Kumar, Brajesh Singh, Pravin Kumar Sachan (2021): Biofuels and their sources of production: A review on cleaner sustainable alternative against conventional fuel, in the framework of the food and energy nexus. Energy Nexus, Vol.  4, 100036.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Dr. Sunita Barot (2022): Biomass and Bioenergy: Resources, Conversion and Application. In: Renewable Energy for Sustainable Growth Assessment, Chapter 9. <\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">DBFZ &#8211; German Biomass Research Center (2025): System contribution of biomass. Online: <a class=\"break-word hover:text-super hover:decoration-super underline decoration-from-font underline-offset-1 transition-all duration-300\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dbfz.de\/forschung\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.dbfz.de\/forschung<\/a> <\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Linseis Messger\u00e4te GmbH (2025): Application reports and technical papers on the thermal analysis of biomass. Online: <a class=\"break-word hover:text-super hover:decoration-super underline decoration-from-font underline-offset-1 transition-all duration-300\" href=\"http:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wissen\/biomasse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.linseis.com\/wissen\/biomasse\/<\/a> <\/p><\/li><li class=\"py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:mb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:mb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0\"><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Berlin.de (2025): Biomass &#8211; Statistics on energy use and potential analysis. Online: <a class=\"break-word hover:text-super hover:decoration-super underline decoration-from-font underline-offset-1 transition-all duration-300\" href=\"http:\/\/www.berlin.de\/klimaschutz\/waermewende\/biomasse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.berlin.de\/klimaschutz\/waermewende\/biomasse\/<\/a> <\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b195b46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b195b46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\r\n  \"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\":[\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Was versteht man unter Biomasse im Kontext der Energiewende?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Biomasse umfasst organische Substanzen pflanzlichen, tierischen oder mikrobiellen Ursprungs eines \u00d6kosystems zu einem Zeitpunkt. Als erneuerbare Ressource erm\u00f6glicht sie energetische und stoffliche Nutzung zur Dekarbonisierung und Kreislaufwirtschaft.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Warum ist die analytische Charakterisierung von Biomasse so wichtig?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Die Heterogenit\u00e4t von Rest- und Mischfraktionen erfordert exakte Analytik. Thermische Analyse (TGA, DSC) liefert Kennwerte f\u00fcr Qualit\u00e4t, Prozessf\u00fchrung, Effizienz und Emissionen \u2013 Grundlage f\u00fcr Industrieeinsatz und Standardisierung.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Woraus besteht Biomasse chemisch?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Hauptbestandteile sind Zellulose (tragende Matrix), Hemizellulose (verzweigte Zuckerstrukturen) und Lignin (aromatisches 3D-Polymer f\u00fcr Festigkeit\/Hydrophobie). Feuchte, Asche, N- und S-Gehalte beeinflussen Energiewert und Emissionen.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche thermischen Analyseverfahren kommen zum Einsatz und was liefern sie?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"TGA erfasst Massenverluste, Feuchte, Zersetzungsstufen und Asche; DSC misst W\u00e4rmestr\u00f6me und W\u00e4rmekapazit\u00e4t bei endo-\/exothermen Prozessen; EGA identifiziert freigesetzte Gase via gekoppelter MS\/IR. Kombiniert ergeben sich Kinetik, Produktverteilungen und Optimierungspotenziale.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche energetischen und materialtechnischen Nutzungswege sind typisch?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Direktverbrennung\/Prozessw\u00e4rme, Biogas, Biokraftstoffe (Bioethanol\/Biodiesel) sowie moderne Thermoverfahren wie Pyrolyse, hydrothermale Carbonisierung und Vergasung zu Synthesegas bzw. gr\u00fcnem Wasserstoff.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Wie unterst\u00fctzt thermische Analyse die Qualit\u00e4tssicherung?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Sie bestimmt Restfeuchte, Asche, Zersetzungspfade und W\u00e4rmekapazit\u00e4ten, bewertet Rohstoffschwankungen und liefert Eingangsparameter f\u00fcr stabile Prozesse, konstante Produktqualit\u00e4t und verl\u00e4ssliche Energie- bzw. Chemikalienausbeuten.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Was leistet die simulierte Vergasung im Laborma\u00dfstab?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Laborversuche bilden gro\u00dftechnische Reaktoren nach, um Umsetzungsgrad, Produktverteilung, Emissionen und Energieeffizienz gezielt zu optimieren \u2013 mit geringem Material- und Zeitaufwand.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche Normen und Standards sind relevant?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Beispielsweise ASTM E1131 (thermische Kompositionsanalyse), ASTM E1641 (Zersetzungskinetik nach Ozawa\u2013Flynn\u2013Wall) und ASTM E2008 (Volatilit\u00e4tsmessung). Sie sichern Vergleichbarkeit und Datenqualit\u00e4t.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche Probenarten lassen sich messen?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Breites Spektrum von holzigen Reststoffen und landwirtschaftlichen Abf\u00e4llen (z. B. Stroh, Olivenbl\u00e4tter) bis zu biogenen Mischfraktionen \u2013 unter variabler Atmosph\u00e4re, Temperaturf\u00fchrung und ggf. Druck.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Wie flie\u00dfen TGA\/DSC\/EGA-Daten in die Prozessentwicklung ein?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Sie liefern Eingangsparameter f\u00fcr Reaktormodelle (z. B. Aktivierungsenergien, W\u00e4rmekapazit\u00e4ten, Reaktionspfade) und erm\u00f6glichen Scale-up, Betriebspunktwahl, Emissionsminderung und Effizienzsteigerung.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche Rolle spielt Biomasse f\u00fcr Nachhaltigkeit und LCA?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Die \u00f6kologische Bewertung ber\u00fccksichtigt Landnutzung, Reststoffintegration und Kreislaufprozesse \u00fcber den gesamten Lebenszyklus. Thermische Analyse schafft belastbare Datengrundlagen f\u00fcr belastbare LCAs.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche Trends pr\u00e4gen Forschung und Industrie?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Erzeugung von Wasserstoff aus Restbiomasse, smarte Bioenergie-Konzepte, regionale Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten sowie standardisierte Bewertungen von Treibhausgas- und Umwelteinfl\u00fcssen.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Wie unterst\u00fctzt Messtechnik die Bio\u00f6konomie in der Praxis?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Pr\u00e4zise Ger\u00e4te erlauben reproduzierbare Charakterisierung heterogener Proben, robuste QS-Workflows und die Entwicklung neuer Wertsch\u00f6pfungspfade \u2013 von Bioenergie bis Plattformchemikalien.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Welche typischen Fragen beantworten TGA\/DSC\/EGA sofort?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Wie hoch ist die Feuchte\/Asche? In welchen Temperaturfenstern zerlegen sich Zellulose, Hemizellulose und Lignin? Welche Gase entstehen wann? Wie viel Energie wird aufgenommen\/abgegeben?\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\":\"Question\",\r\n      \"name\":\"Wo erhalte ich weiterf\u00fchrende Informationen und Unterst\u00fctzung?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\":{\r\n        \"@type\":\"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\":\"Ein praxisnaher Applikationsbericht \u201eThermische Analyse von Biomasse\u201c sowie Beratung zur Auswahl passender Messsysteme stehen bereit \u2013 ideal f\u00fcr Forschung, Scale-up und QS.\"\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  ]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1867eae elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1867eae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de92e48 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"de92e48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biomass is one of the main pillars of the global energy transition and the development of sustainable materials. It comprises all organic matter of plant, animal or microbial origin that is present in a given ecosystem at a given time. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13945,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wiki"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23228\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}