{"id":118740,"date":"2026-01-16T09:37:53","date_gmt":"2026-01-16T08:37:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/unkategorisiert\/san-plastics-molecular-orientation-and-crystallinity-as-key-factors-for-mechanical-stability\/"},"modified":"2026-01-16T09:45:42","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T08:45:42","slug":"san-plastics-molecular-orientation-and-crystallinity-as-key-factors-for-mechanical-stability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/san-plastics-molecular-orientation-and-crystallinity-as-key-factors-for-mechanical-stability\/","title":{"rendered":"SAN plastics: Molecular orientation and crystallinity as key factors for mechanical stability"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"118740\" class=\"elementor elementor-118740 elementor-118708\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0dfd2a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d0dfd2a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cc5d17 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6cc5d17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4423c65 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"4423c65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__4423c65\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__4423c65\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__4423c65\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7f8e39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e7f8e39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61129c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"61129c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Basic material properties of SAN<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64cb1c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"64cb1c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb9d2cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb9d2cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) is a versatile engineering plastic characterized by its unique material combination of 70-80% styrene and 20-30% acrylonitrile. This composition gives the material exceptional properties that predestine it for demanding technical applications (Liao et al., 2018). The high chemical polarity of the acrylonitrile component significantly influences the morphology of the material and leads to the typical amorphous structures that give SAN its characteristic transparency and uniform mechanical properties.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2096bc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2096bc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Characteristic properties:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c81d624 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c81d624\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b749ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b749ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>High transparency due to amorphous structure<\/li><li>Excellent chemical resistance to acids and hydrocarbons<\/li><li>Glass transition temperature between 95\u00b0C and 112\u00b0C<\/li><li>E-modulus of approx. 3500-3800 MPa<\/li><li>Excellent dimensional stability under thermal load<\/li><li>Limited UV resistance<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25190d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"25190d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e7bfce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e7bfce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Crystallinity and structural morphology<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1eb0aa6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1eb0aa6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6b6611 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6b6611\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>SAN is predominantly an amorphous copolymer that has no distinct crystalline structures. This amorphous nature is fundamental to understanding the mechanical properties of the material. In contrast to semi-crystalline <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/applications\/polymers\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong>polymers<\/strong><\/a> SAN does not have a defined <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/melting-point-crystallization-and-glass-transition-in-polymers\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong>melting point<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>t<\/b><\/span>but is characterized by its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/melting-point-crystallization-and-glass-transition-in-polymers\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong>glass transition temperature<\/strong><\/a> characterized by its glass transition temperature. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/what-happens-during-crystallization-tc\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong>crystallinity<\/strong> <\/a>has a limited but nevertheless important effect on the mechanical stability of SAN.   <\/p>\n<p>The amorphous morphology of standard SAN results in high transparency, excellent dimensional stability and uniform mechanical properties.) If crystalline areas occur due to special copolymer variants or process control, these generally increase the stiffness and hardness, but lead to increased brittleness. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e3d115 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2e3d115\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Effects of crystallinity on mechanical properties:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb5a1fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fb5a1fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde9d0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bde9d0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Crystalline areas increase rigidity, hardness and dimensional stability<\/li><li>Reduced impact strength and elongation capacity with higher crystallinity<\/li><li>Amorphous areas ensure better damping and uniform mechanical behavior<\/li><li>Lower brittleness compared to crystalline plastics<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-027b862 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"027b862\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bd179c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1bd179c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Molecular orientation during processing<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8a9974 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c8a9974\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59b9c51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59b9c51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Molecular orientation plays a central role in the mechanical properties and processing quality of SAN. Since SAN is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wiki\/amorphous-vs-semi-crystalline-polymers-standard-compliant-dsc-measurement-according-to-iso-11357-astm-d3418\/\"><strong>predominantly amorphous polymer<\/strong><\/a> SAN is a predominantly amorphous polymer, the macromolecules are partially oriented along the flow direction during injection molding and extrusion technology. This orientation is particularly pronounced in fast processing methods and with thin-walled or elongated components.  <\/p><p>The mechanical properties can be increased locally through targeted or process-related molecular orientation. Tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength in particular are positively influenced along the orientation. Oriented macromolecules also ensure better dimensional stability and less material deformation under load, which is of crucial importance for precision parts. The positive effects of molecule orientation include increased mechanical strength and stiffness in the direction of orientation, improved dimensional stability and shape fidelity, uniform surface quality and transparency, and optimized mechanical damping properties.   <\/p><p>However, excessive orientation can lead to the development of internal stresses, which can cause stress cracking under chemical stress. This risk is particularly relevant at high processing pressures. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cff14eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cff14eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec82d0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ec82d0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Process parameters for controlling the molecule orientation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87a0e34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"87a0e34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a643e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a643e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To specifically control the molecular orientation of SAN, processing techniques are mainly used that exert targeted flow and shear forces on the polymer chains during shaping (Osnabr\u00fcck University of Applied Sciences, 2023). The most important method is injection molding, in which the macromolecules are aligned in the direction of flow through high injection speed, increased shear stress and special geometry of the gates. <\/p><p>Temperature control, consisting of mold and melt temperature as well as pressure management, has a strong influence on the degree of orientation. Controlled cooling procedures and temperature-optimized tools enable targeted relaxation of the orientation (JKU Linz, 2016). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98aaa77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"98aaa77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9cbf50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b9cbf50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Critical process parameters:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a68e1d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a68e1d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff0d31c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff0d31c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Injection speed and processing pressure<\/li><li>Ground temperature and mold temperature<\/li><li>Wall layer thickness and mold geometry<\/li><li>Cooling rate and tempering regime<\/li><li>Flow velocity and shear stress<\/li><li>Extrusion speed for profile production<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af4463e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"af4463e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faa80b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"faa80b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Process-specific approaches:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95a98d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"95a98d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53fea27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53fea27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Injection molding: pressure management and gate geometry<\/li><li>Extrusion: haul-off speed relative to extrusion speed<\/li><li>Reinforcing additives: glass fibers as orientation aids<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bf475f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3bf475f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf82a54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf82a54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Technical applications and material optimization<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f302ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9f302ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f870dd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f870dd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>SAN is used in a wide range of technical applications thanks to its unique combination of properties such as clarity, dimensional stability and chemical resistance. Its resistance to cleaning agents, acids and oils, coupled with its dimensional stability in injection molding and excellent surface appearance, makes SAN a versatile material for demanding applications. Typical applications include laboratory vessels, petri dishes and medical-technical components as well as food and cosmetics packaging. SAN is also used for automotive parts such as interior components and control elements, is used in electronic housings for transparent technical parts and is used in industrial molded parts for office equipment and precision covers.   <\/p><p>The variety of grades is mainly due to the different acrylonitrile-styrene ratios as well as special copolymer blends for individual applications. Highly transparent grades with a lower acrylonitrile content are particularly suitable for optical components, while higher acrylonitrile content increases chemical resistance and rigidity. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe2ee73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fe2ee73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-236248f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"236248f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a26cb14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a26cb14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d2283d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d2283d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>SAN plastics are a highly interesting material for technical applications due to their amorphous structure and the possibility of targeted molecular orientation. Although crystallinity influences the mechanical properties, it remains limited in standard SAN due to its amorphous nature. The targeted control of molecular orientation through optimized process parameters makes it possible to improve the mechanical properties locally while maintaining the characteristic transparency and chemical resistance.  <\/p><p>For users, understanding the relationships between processing parameters, molecular orientation and resulting properties is essential for the successful implementation of demanding projects. The combination of dimensional stability, transparency and chemical resistance makes SAN a reliable solution for injection molding, extrusion and thermoforming in laboratories, medical technology and industrial practice. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88ecc93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"88ecc93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-810f51c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"810f51c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">List of sources <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-251f7bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"251f7bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbb4ad5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fbb4ad5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Osnabr\u00fcck University of Applied Sciences (2023). Dissertation on plastics processing. Available at:  <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/opus.hs-osnabrueck.de\/files\/6039\/kup_9783737611602.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/opus.hs-osnabrueck.de\/files\/6039\/kup_9783737611602.pdf<\/a><\/p><p>JKU Linz (2016). Polymer technology. Available at:  <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/epub.jku.at\/obvulihs\/download\/pdf\/1318154?originalFilename=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/epub.jku.at\/obvulihs\/download\/pdf\/1318154?originalFilename=true<\/a><\/p><p>Liao, Y. et al. (2018). Synthesis and properties of novel styrene acrylonitrile\/polypropylene blends with enhanced toughness. Chemistry Central Journal, 12(1), 78. Available at: <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6037637\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6037637\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) is a versatile engineering plastic characterized by its unique material combination of 70-80% styrene and 20-30% acrylonitrile.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":118712,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wiki"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118740"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118740\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}