{"id":27439,"date":"2024-07-19T14:52:24","date_gmt":"2024-07-19T12:52:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgeraete\/thermal-conductivity\/tf-lfa\/"},"modified":"2026-03-18T14:15:01","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T13:15:01","slug":"tf-lfa-l54","status":"publish","type":"messgeraete","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/electrical-property\/thin-film-thin-film-analysis\/tf-lfa-l54\/","title":{"rendered":"TF-LFA L54"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"27439\" class=\"elementor elementor-27439 elementor-14218\" data-elementor-post-type=\"messgeraete\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f6d27f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0f6d27f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-313aece e-con-full elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"313aece\" 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#downloads\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Downloads<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c588688 elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c588688\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Get a quote<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba0a7a0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ba0a7a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5423f91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5423f91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31a1020 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31a1020\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TF-LFA L54: Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance for Thin Film Thermal Analysis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea1a15e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ea1a15e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a7f781 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a7f781\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-151daf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"151daf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"670\"><strong data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"260\">The <\/strong><span data-start=\"234\" data-end=\"260\"><b>LINSEIS TF-LFA L54<\/b><\/span> is an advanced laser-based measurement system utilizing the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/methods\/fdtr-frequency-domain-thermoreflectance\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong data-start=\"321\" data-end=\"366\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/strong><\/a> technique for <span data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"461\"><b>non-contact thermal characterization of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/instruments\/electrical-property\/thin-film-thin-film-analysis\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>thin films<\/b><\/a> and multilayer structures<\/b><\/span>.<br data-start=\"462\" data-end=\"465\" \/>It enables the precise determination of <strong data-start=\"505\" data-end=\"614\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/thermal-conductivity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>thermal conductivity<\/b><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/thermal-diffusivity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>diffusivity<\/b><\/a>, effusivity, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/specific-heat-capacity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>volumetric heat capacity<\/b><\/a>, and thermal boundary conductance<\/strong> \u2014 even in ultra-thin layers down to a few nanometers.<\/p><p data-start=\"672\" data-end=\"1170\">Designed for research and high-end industrial applications, the TF-LFA L54 combines <b><span data-start=\"756\" data-end=\"783\">exceptional sensitivity<\/span>, <span data-start=\"785\" data-end=\"817\">broad temperature capability<\/span><\/b> (from room temperature up to 500 \u00b0C), and <span data-start=\"860\" data-end=\"879\"><b>modular options<\/b><\/span> for anisotropy, sample mapping, and optical visualization.<br data-start=\"938\" data-end=\"941\" \/>This innovative system offers outstanding precision, stability, and flexibility, making it ideal for the <b><span data-start=\"1046\" data-end=\"1169\" data-is-only-node=\"\">characterization of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/applications\/semiconductors-electronics\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>semiconductors<\/b><\/a>, coatings, thermoelectric materials, LEDs, and other advanced thin-film technologies<\/span>.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3e5e9e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b3e5e9e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ed52b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ed52b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f26b8a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f26b8a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef98452 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"ef98452\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"uniquefeatures\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-232c327 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"232c327\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Unique Features<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be507ce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"be507ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6399d3f elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6399d3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2084\" height=\"2084\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10673\" alt=\"Icon f\u00fcr zertifizierte Qualit\u00e4t und Normkonformit\u00e4t\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot.png 2084w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/elementor\/thumbs\/Zertifikat_rot-qra3vgrx6iufnibjkvkr323x221otcvuge4h1rfo7w.png 150w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2084px) 100vw, 2084px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fdf890 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0fdf890\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00d1639 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"00d1639\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d804a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d804a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"355\" data-end=\"444\"><strong>Optical Technology Upgrade\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"446\" data-end=\"844\">The <span data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"171\"><b>TF-LFA L54<\/b><\/span> applies the <span data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"229\"><b>Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/b><\/span> method for <span data-start=\"241\" data-end=\"287\"><b>contactless thermal analysis of thin films<\/b><\/span>.<\/p><p data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"894\">Key advantages of the FDTR technology include:<\/p><ul data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"1476\"><li data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"1030\"><p data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"1030\"><span data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"925\"><b>Contactless measurement<\/b><\/span> \u2013 eliminates mechanical interference and ensures maximum accuracy for delicate or micro-scale samples.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1187\"><p data-start=\"1033\" data-end=\"1187\"><span data-start=\"1033\" data-end=\"1061\"><b>High frequency precision<\/b><\/span> \u2013 allows the determination of thermal properties across a broad modulation range for a wide variety of thin-film materials.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1188\" data-end=\"1325\"><p data-start=\"1190\" data-end=\"1325\"><span data-start=\"1190\" data-end=\"1212\"><b>Enhanced stability<\/b><\/span> \u2013 optimized optical alignment and automatic focusing guarantee reproducible results without manual adjustment.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1326\" data-end=\"1476\"><p data-start=\"1328\" data-end=\"1476\"><span data-start=\"1328\" data-end=\"1354\"><b>Wide measurement range<\/b><\/span> \u2013 enables analysis of films from a few nanometers up to several micrometers in thickness, at temperatures up to 500 \u00b0C.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4908248 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4908248\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef88635 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ef88635\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0502_verkleinert.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-109749\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0502_verkleinert.png 800w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0502_verkleinert-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0502_verkleinert-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c525e6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c525e6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cc08ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6cc08ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a70ed9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6a70ed9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0519_verkleinert.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-109771\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0519_verkleinert.png 800w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0519_verkleinert-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0519_verkleinert-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f7efd0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f7efd0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac23fd0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac23fd0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"26\"><strong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"26\">New hardware features<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"408\" data-end=\"741\"><span data-start=\"408\" data-end=\"435\"><b>Advanced Optical Design<\/b><\/span><br data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"438\" \/>The TF-LFA L54 features a state-of-the-art dual-laser setup with a <strong data-start=\"505\" data-end=\"538\">modulated pump laser (405 nm)<\/strong> and a <strong data-start=\"545\" data-end=\"585\">continuous-wave probe laser (532 nm)<\/strong> for precise excitation and detection. This optimized configuration ensures maximum signal stability and measurement sensitivity, even for ultra-thin films.<\/p><p data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"962\"><span data-start=\"743\" data-end=\"773\">Automatic Focus Adjustment<\/span><br data-start=\"773\" data-end=\"776\" \/>An integrated <strong data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"814\">auto-focusing system<\/strong> continuously optimizes the laser position during measurement, eliminating manual adjustment and guaranteeing reproducible results for every sample.<\/p><p data-start=\"964\" data-end=\"1201\"><span data-start=\"964\" data-end=\"992\"><b>Thermal Mapping Function<\/b><\/span><br data-start=\"992\" data-end=\"995\" \/>An optional <strong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1030\">sample mapping mode<\/strong> allows users to analyze thermal properties across multiple points or areas on the sample surface \u2014 ideal for studying inhomogeneous films or verifying coating uniformity.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a12f69c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a12f69c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c93fe81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"c93fe81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2110\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2110\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Integrated Camera System <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2110\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc1792d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc1792d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f474e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f474e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"23\" data-end=\"153\">The optional <strong data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1264\">camera module<\/strong> provides a live view of the measurement area, enabling exact positioning of the laser spot and visual control of the sample surface.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2111\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2111\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Linseis Lab Link <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2111\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffbf8cf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ffbf8cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c887e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43c887e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>With Linseis Lab Link, we offer an integrated solution for eliminating uncertainties in measurement results. With direct access to our application experts via the software, you receive advice on the correct measurement procedure and how to evaluate the results. This direct communication ensures optimal results and maximizes the efficiency of your measurements for accurate analysis and research and a smooth process flow.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2112\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2112\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Dual-Laser Configuration <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2112\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6bb443 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6bb443\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12fe05e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12fe05e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The TF-LFA L54 features a high-precision <strong data-start=\"309\" data-end=\"329\">dual-laser setup<\/strong> consisting of a modulated pump laser (405 nm) and a continuous-wave probe laser (532 nm).<br data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"422\" \/>This configuration enables <strong data-start=\"449\" data-end=\"486\">stable, high-resolution detection<\/strong> of the thermoreflectance signal and ensures accurate thermal measurements even for ultra-thin layers in the nanometer range.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2113\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2113\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Automatic Optical Alignment <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2113\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-543f41c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"543f41c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5fbb76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f5fbb76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An integrated <strong data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"702\">auto-focusing and alignment system<\/strong> continuously adjusts the laser focus during operation.<br data-start=\"757\" data-end=\"760\" \/>This eliminates the need for manual calibration, providing <strong data-start=\"819\" data-end=\"856\">consistent measurement conditions<\/strong>, improved reproducibility, and reduced operator influence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Integrated Camera System\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The optional camera module provides a live view of the measurement area, enabling exact positioning of the laser spot and visual control of the sample surface.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Linseis Lab Link\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"With Linseis Lab Link, we offer an integrated solution for eliminating uncertainties in measurement results. With direct access to our application experts via the software, you receive advice on the correct measurement procedure and how to evaluate the results. This direct communication ensures optimal results and maximizes the efficiency of your measurements for accurate analysis and research and a smooth process flow.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Dual-Laser Configuration\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The TF-LFA L54 features a high-precision dual-laser setup consisting of a modulated pump laser (405 nm) and a continuous-wave probe laser (532 nm).This configuration enables stable, high-resolution detection of the thermoreflectance signal and ensures accurate thermal measurements even for ultra-thin layers in the nanometer range.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Automatic Optical Alignment\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"An integrated auto-focusing and alignment system continuously adjusts the laser focus during operation.This eliminates the need for manual calibration, providing consistent measurement conditions, improved reproducibility, and reduced operator influence.\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa47f69 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fa47f69\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce41174 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ce41174\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff61679 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff61679\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Highlights<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43aa86b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"43aa86b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd6138f elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bd6138f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Probendicke_rot.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0efb310 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0efb310\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6d68b3 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a6d68b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Waermeleitfaehigkeit_rot.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a0fff6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0a0fff6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-501d0a8 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"501d0a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Kalibrierung_rot.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"Icon f\u00fcr gezielte Messl\u00f6sungen\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54e9337 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"54e9337\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c08f4f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-hotspot\" data-id=\"5c08f4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;hotspot&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;1d59cc6&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_content&quot;:&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comprehensive thermal characterization&lt;\\\/strong&gt;:&lt;\\\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Measurement of thermal conductivity, &lt;br \\\/&gt;heat capacity, thermal diffusivity and &lt;br \\\/&gt;thermal effusivity&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Determination of the thermal contact &lt;br \\\/&gt;between two neighboring layers&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;li style=\\&quot;list-style-type: none;\\&quot;&gt;\\u00a0&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;\\\/ul&gt;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_horizontal&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_x&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:21,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:74,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.linseis.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/linseis-hotspot.svg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1993},&quot;library&quot;:&quot;svg&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_spacing&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_custom_size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_width&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_height&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;index&quot;:0,&quot;__dynamic__&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_label&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_link&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_external&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;nofollow&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_attributes&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_position&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_offset_x_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_x_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_vertical&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_y_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_position_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_text_wrap&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;hotspot_tooltip_content&quot;:&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anisotropy function&lt;\\\/strong&gt;:&lt;\\\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Optional function for measuring the thermal &lt;br \\\/&gt;conductivity both in the direction of passage &lt;br \\\/&gt;(through the material) and in the plane &lt;br \\\/&gt;(perpendicular to the laser excitation)&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;\\\/ul&gt;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_horizontal&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_x&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:68,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:88,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.linseis.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/linseis-hotspot.svg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1993},&quot;library&quot;:&quot;svg&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_spacing&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_custom_size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_width&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_height&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;d909940&quot;,&quot;index&quot;:1,&quot;__dynamic__&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_label&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_link&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_external&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;nofollow&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_attributes&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_position&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_offset_x_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_x_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_vertical&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_y_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_position_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_text_wrap&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;hotspot_tooltip_content&quot;:&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wide temperature range&lt;\\\/strong&gt;:&lt;\\\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The device can measure the thermal properties &lt;br \\\/&gt;of thin films at room temperature up to 500\\u00b0C&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;\\\/ul&gt;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_horizontal&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_x&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:66,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.linseis.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/linseis-hotspot.svg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1993},&quot;library&quot;:&quot;svg&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_spacing&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_custom_size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_width&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_height&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:12,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;e2fda87&quot;,&quot;index&quot;:2,&quot;__dynamic__&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_label&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_link&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_external&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;nofollow&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_attributes&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_position&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_offset_x_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_x_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_vertical&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_y_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_position_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_text_wrap&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;hotspot_tooltip_content&quot;:&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thermal imaging&lt;\\\/strong&gt;:&lt;\\\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;With the optional sample &lt;br \\\/&gt;mapping function, the thermal &lt;br \\\/&gt;properties of the sample can be &lt;br \\\/&gt;tracked over a specific area or &lt;br \\\/&gt;points of the surface, ideal for &lt;br \\\/&gt;homogeneity tests&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;\\\/ul&gt;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_horizontal&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_x&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:74,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:40,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.linseis.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/linseis-hotspot.svg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1993},&quot;library&quot;:&quot;svg&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_spacing&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_custom_size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_width&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_height&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;24ed251&quot;,&quot;index&quot;:3,&quot;__dynamic__&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_label&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_link&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_external&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;nofollow&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_attributes&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_position&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_offset_x_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_x_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_vertical&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_y_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_position_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_text_wrap&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;hotspot_tooltip_content&quot;:&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automatic optimization and camera option&lt;\\\/strong&gt;:&lt;\\\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Automatic optimization of the laser beam &lt;br \\\/&gt;to improve the measurement results&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Additional camera option that provides &lt;br \\\/&gt;visual information and facilitates the selection &lt;br \\\/&gt;of interesting spots on the sample surface&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;\\\/ul&gt;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_horizontal&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_x&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:32,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:51,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.linseis.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/linseis-hotspot.svg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1993},&quot;library&quot;:&quot;svg&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_spacing&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_custom_size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_width&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_height&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;c3599f5&quot;,&quot;index&quot;:4,&quot;__dynamic__&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_label&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_link&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_external&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;nofollow&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_attributes&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_position&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_offset_x_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_x_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_vertical&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_y_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_position_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_text_wrap&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;hotspot_tooltip_content&quot;:&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measurement of thermal contact &lt;br \\\/&gt;resistances\\\/conductive values&lt;\\\/strong&gt;:&lt;\\\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Measurement of the thermal &lt;br \\\/&gt;contact between two layers, &lt;br \\\/&gt;e.g. between sample and surface &lt;br \\\/&gt;or sample and transducer layer&lt;\\\/li&gt;&lt;\\\/ul&gt;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_horizontal&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_x&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:27,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:18,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.linseis.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/linseis-hotspot.svg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1993},&quot;library&quot;:&quot;svg&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_spacing&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_custom_size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_width&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_height&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:361,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;a9d6cdf&quot;,&quot;index&quot;:5,&quot;__dynamic__&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_label&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_link&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_external&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;nofollow&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_attributes&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;hotspot_icon_position&quot;:null,&quot;hotspot_offset_x_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_x_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_vertical&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;hotspot_offset_y_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_offset_y_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_position_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_position_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;hotspot_tooltip_text_wrap&quot;:&quot;&quot;}],&quot;tooltip_trigger&quot;:&quot;mouseenter&quot;,&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500,&quot;tooltip_position&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;tooltip_animation&quot;:&quot;e-hotspot--fade-in-out&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"hotspot.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1852\" height=\"1209\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Hotspot-1.png\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048 wp-image-51486\" alt=\"TF-LFA Analyse de couches minces\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Hotspot-1.png 1852w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Hotspot-1-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Hotspot-1-1024x668.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Hotspot-1-768x501.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Hotspot-1-1536x1003.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1852px) 100vw, 1852px\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot elementor-repeater-item-1d59cc6  e-hotspot--position-right e-hotspot--position-top   e-hotspot--icon\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__button e-hotspot--expand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 61 61\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2715\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2715\"><g id=\"Ellipse_71\" data-name=\"Ellipse 71\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"30\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><path d=\"M30.5,60.5C13.958,60.5.5,47.042.5,30.5S13.958.5,30.5.5s30,13.458,30,30-13.458,30-30,30ZM30.5,1.5C14.509,1.5,1.5,14.509,1.5,30.5s13.009,29,29,29,29-13.009,29-29S46.491,1.5,30.5,1.5Z\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><g id=\"Ellipse_72\" data-name=\"Ellipse 72\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"5\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__tooltip  e-hotspot--tooltip-position e-hotspot--fade-in-out \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Comprehensive thermal characterization<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li>Measurement of thermal conductivity, <br \/>heat capacity, thermal diffusivity and <br \/>thermal effusivity<\/li><li>Determination of the thermal contact <br \/>between two neighboring layers<\/li><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot elementor-repeater-item-d909940  e-hotspot--position-right e-hotspot--position-top   e-hotspot--icon\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__button e-hotspot--expand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 61 61\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2715\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2715\"><g id=\"Ellipse_71\" data-name=\"Ellipse 71\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"30\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><path d=\"M30.5,60.5C13.958,60.5.5,47.042.5,30.5S13.958.5,30.5.5s30,13.458,30,30-13.458,30-30,30ZM30.5,1.5C14.509,1.5,1.5,14.509,1.5,30.5s13.009,29,29,29,29-13.009,29-29S46.491,1.5,30.5,1.5Z\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><g id=\"Ellipse_72\" data-name=\"Ellipse 72\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"5\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__tooltip  e-hotspot--tooltip-position e-hotspot--fade-in-out \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Anisotropy function<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li>Optional function for measuring the thermal <br \/>conductivity both in the direction of passage <br \/>(through the material) and in the plane <br \/>(perpendicular to the laser excitation)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot elementor-repeater-item-e2fda87  e-hotspot--position-right e-hotspot--position-top   e-hotspot--icon\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__button e-hotspot--expand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 61 61\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2715\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2715\"><g id=\"Ellipse_71\" data-name=\"Ellipse 71\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"30\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><path d=\"M30.5,60.5C13.958,60.5.5,47.042.5,30.5S13.958.5,30.5.5s30,13.458,30,30-13.458,30-30,30ZM30.5,1.5C14.509,1.5,1.5,14.509,1.5,30.5s13.009,29,29,29,29-13.009,29-29S46.491,1.5,30.5,1.5Z\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><g id=\"Ellipse_72\" data-name=\"Ellipse 72\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"5\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__tooltip  e-hotspot--tooltip-position e-hotspot--fade-in-out \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wide temperature range<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li>The device can measure the thermal properties <br \/>of thin films at room temperature up to 500\u00b0C<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot elementor-repeater-item-24ed251  e-hotspot--position-right e-hotspot--position-top   e-hotspot--icon\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__button e-hotspot--expand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 61 61\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2715\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2715\"><g id=\"Ellipse_71\" data-name=\"Ellipse 71\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"30\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><path d=\"M30.5,60.5C13.958,60.5.5,47.042.5,30.5S13.958.5,30.5.5s30,13.458,30,30-13.458,30-30,30ZM30.5,1.5C14.509,1.5,1.5,14.509,1.5,30.5s13.009,29,29,29,29-13.009,29-29S46.491,1.5,30.5,1.5Z\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><g id=\"Ellipse_72\" data-name=\"Ellipse 72\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"5\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__tooltip  e-hotspot--tooltip-position e-hotspot--fade-in-out \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Thermal imaging<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li>With the optional sample <br \/>mapping function, the thermal <br \/>properties of the sample can be <br \/>tracked over a specific area or <br \/>points of the surface, ideal for <br \/>homogeneity tests<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot elementor-repeater-item-c3599f5  e-hotspot--position-right e-hotspot--position-top   e-hotspot--icon\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__button e-hotspot--expand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 61 61\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2715\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2715\"><g id=\"Ellipse_71\" data-name=\"Ellipse 71\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"30\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><path d=\"M30.5,60.5C13.958,60.5.5,47.042.5,30.5S13.958.5,30.5.5s30,13.458,30,30-13.458,30-30,30ZM30.5,1.5C14.509,1.5,1.5,14.509,1.5,30.5s13.009,29,29,29,29-13.009,29-29S46.491,1.5,30.5,1.5Z\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><g id=\"Ellipse_72\" data-name=\"Ellipse 72\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"5\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__tooltip  e-hotspot--tooltip-position e-hotspot--fade-in-out \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Automatic optimization and camera option<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li>Automatic optimization of the laser beam <br \/>to improve the measurement results<\/li><li>Additional camera option that provides <br \/>visual information and facilitates the selection <br \/>of interesting spots on the sample surface<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot elementor-repeater-item-a9d6cdf  e-hotspot--position-right e-hotspot--position-top   e-hotspot--icon\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__button e-hotspot--expand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 61 61\"><g id=\"Gruppe_2715\" data-name=\"Gruppe 2715\"><g id=\"Ellipse_71\" data-name=\"Ellipse 71\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"30\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><path d=\"M30.5,60.5C13.958,60.5.5,47.042.5,30.5S13.958.5,30.5.5s30,13.458,30,30-13.458,30-30,30ZM30.5,1.5C14.509,1.5,1.5,14.509,1.5,30.5s13.009,29,29,29,29-13.009,29-29S46.491,1.5,30.5,1.5Z\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/g><g id=\"Ellipse_72\" data-name=\"Ellipse 72\"><circle cx=\"30.5\" cy=\"30.5\" r=\"5\" fill=\"#18365d\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/circle><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hotspot__tooltip  e-hotspot--tooltip-position e-hotspot--fade-in-out \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Measurement of thermal contact <br \/>resistances\/conductive values<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li>Measurement of the thermal <br \/>contact between two layers, <br \/>e.g. between sample and surface <br \/>or sample and transducer layer<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce752b5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ce752b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab44264 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab44264\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31b86fb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"31b86fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1756471 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1756471\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Key Features<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afde447 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"afde447\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-905dad7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"905dad7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2944f9 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2944f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10673\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-300x300.png\" alt=\"Icon f\u00fcr zertifizierte Qualit\u00e4t und Normkonformit\u00e4t\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/elementor\/thumbs\/Zertifikat_rot-qra3vgrx6iufnibjkvkr323x221otcvuge4h1rfo7w.png 150w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Zertifikat_rot-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92317fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"92317fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b10c79a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b10c79a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"28\">Contactless Optical Measurement<\/h3><p>Using the <strong data-start=\"311\" data-end=\"356\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/strong> method, the TF-LFA L54 performs <strong data-start=\"389\" data-end=\"421\">non-contact thermal analysis<\/strong> with laser-based precision \u2014 ideal for delicate thin films and microstructures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaa3ef5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aaa3ef5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-054db03 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"054db03\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ff61d6 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ff61d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10657\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Waermeleitfaehigkeit_rot-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13db141 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13db141\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-195ad42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"195ad42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full\" dir=\"auto\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-18\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto py-5 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] @[37rem]:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] @[72rem]:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:32rem] @[34rem]:[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @[64rem]:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto flex max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 text-base gap-4 md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"group\/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"><div class=\"relative flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"c54cd16a-86fb-4eab-b1d5-0aef9515f44d\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-4o\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark\"><h3 data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"556\">Comprehensive Thermal Characterization<\/h3><p data-start=\"557\" data-end=\"760\">The system simultaneously determines <strong data-start=\"594\" data-end=\"669\">thermal conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity, volumetric heat capacity<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"674\" data-end=\"706\">thermal boundary conductance<\/strong> \u2014 without assumptions about density or heat capacity.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a6d6b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2a6d6b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fb4d55 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0fb4d55\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e97de1 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e97de1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-78167 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Kalibrierung_rot-300x300.png\" alt=\"Icon f\u00fcr gezielte Messl\u00f6sungen\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab7ce71 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab7ce71\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbb8de7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bbb8de7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full\" dir=\"auto\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-18\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto py-5 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] @[37rem]:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] @[72rem]:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:32rem] @[34rem]:[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @[64rem]:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto flex max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 text-base gap-4 md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"group\/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"><div class=\"relative flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"c54cd16a-86fb-4eab-b1d5-0aef9515f44d\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-4o\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark\"><h3 data-start=\"767\" data-end=\"806\">Automatic Focus and Alignment<\/h3><p data-start=\"807\" data-end=\"993\">An integrated <strong data-start=\"821\" data-end=\"845\">auto-focusing system<\/strong> continuously adjusts the laser position during operation, ensuring <strong data-start=\"913\" data-end=\"975\">maximum stability, repeatability, and measurement accuracy<\/strong> for every sample.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff27921 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff27921\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fb9fa7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8fb9fa7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7967a81 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7967a81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10796\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Software_rot-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f36e99 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f36e99\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f56aed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f56aed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full\" dir=\"auto\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-18\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto py-5 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] @[37rem]:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] @[72rem]:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:32rem] @[34rem]:[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @[64rem]:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto flex max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 text-base gap-4 md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"group\/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"><div class=\"relative flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"c54cd16a-86fb-4eab-b1d5-0aef9515f44d\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-4o\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark\"><h3 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"33\">Integrated LINSEIS platform<\/h3><p data-start=\"35\" data-end=\"356\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">The integrated LINSEIS software offers a comprehensive solution that combines hardware and software for maximum process reliability and precision. The standardized platform enables seamless integration of components and devices from external partners &#8211; for a particularly robust and reliable overall system.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e8fa53 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0e8fa53\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca91505 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca91505\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-761add6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"761add6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Questions? We're just a call away!<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3641a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3641a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>+1 (609) 223 2070<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>+49 (0) 9287\/880 0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85a5d33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85a5d33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Our service is available Monday to<br \/> Thursday from 8 am to 4 pm<br \/> and Friday from 8 am to 12 pm.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e2ac59 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6e2ac59\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c56b325 e-transform elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c56b325\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500,&quot;_transform_rotateZ_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:-5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_rotateZ_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;deg&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_rotateZ_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;deg&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We are here for you!<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-275f26c btn-fancy elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"275f26c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e5e798 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5e5e798\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5be8efb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5be8efb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e777df elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"9e777df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"specifications\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad1d555 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ad1d555\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Specifications<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b0f61d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3b0f61d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec13264 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ec13264\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd92c4f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd92c4f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18a6e56 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"18a6e56\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e1ac5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e1ac5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108757\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Icons_Composites-300x300.png\" alt=\"Symbol f\u00fcr thermische Analyse von Mehrschicht- und Faserverbundmaterialien\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Ultra-Thin Film Capability: Analyzes layers from 10 nm to 20 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ee59a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3ee59a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00b5ae6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00b5ae6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10838\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Temperatur_rot-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>High-Temperature Operation: Measurements up to 500 \u00b0C under controlled atmospheres<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-429140f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"429140f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c13b430 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c13b430\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10657\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Waermeleitfaehigkeit_rot-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Wide Measurement Range:<\/strong> <strong>Thermal conductivity from 0.01 to 2000 W\/m\u00b7K<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a3b3dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a3b3dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2ec372 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b2ec372\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8329c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b8329c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"189\" data-end=\"279\"><strong data-start=\"189\" data-end=\"277\">Discover our high-performance TF-LFA \u2013 designed for cutting-edge thin-film analysis:<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"281\" data-end=\"847\"><li data-start=\"281\" data-end=\"396\"><p data-start=\"283\" data-end=\"396\"><span data-start=\"283\" data-end=\"306\"><b>Measurement method:<\/b><\/span> Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) for non-contact, laser-based thermal analysis<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"397\" data-end=\"524\"><p data-start=\"399\" data-end=\"524\"><span data-start=\"399\" data-end=\"423\"><b>Analyzed parameters:<\/b><\/span> Thermal conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity, volumetric heat capacity, and interface conductance<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"525\" data-end=\"636\"><p data-start=\"527\" data-end=\"636\"><span data-start=\"527\" data-end=\"549\"><b>Optical alignment:<\/b><\/span> Dual-laser configuration with automatic focusing for maximum stability and precision<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"749\"><p data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"749\"><span data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"661\"><b>Anisotropy option:<\/b><\/span> Measures in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity of multilayer and 2D materials<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"750\" data-end=\"847\"><p data-start=\"752\" data-end=\"847\"><span data-start=\"752\" data-end=\"772\"><b>Thermal mapping:<\/b><\/span> Surface mapping mode for evaluating film homogeneity and coating quality<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb3db6c elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-auto btn-fancy elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fb3db6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#downloads\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84b27aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84b27aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f577f71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f577f71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0543_verkleinert.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-109804\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0543_verkleinert.png 800w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0543_verkleinert-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0543_verkleinert-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fa9be5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8fa9be5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07bbe5b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"07bbe5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-727e37f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"727e37f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0505_verkleinert.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-109760\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0505_verkleinert.png 800w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0505_verkleinert-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_0505_verkleinert-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-216606a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"216606a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f67287 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f67287\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"29\"><strong>Anisotropy Measurement \u2013 Thermal Conductivity in All Directions<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"31\" data-end=\"320\">The <span data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"899\"><b>TF-LFA L54<\/b><\/span> enables the precise determination of <span data-start=\"937\" data-end=\"972\"><b>thermal conductivity anisotropy<\/b><\/span> \u2014 measuring both <b><span data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1002\">in-plane<\/span> and <span data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1022\">cross-plane<\/span><\/b> heat transport within thin films and multilayer structures.<br data-start=\"1082\" data-end=\"1085\" \/>This capability is essential for advanced materials such as <strong data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/applications\/semiconductors-electronics\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>semiconductors<\/b><\/a>, <\/strong><span data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\"><b>t<\/b><\/span><span data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\"><b>hermoelectrics<\/b><\/span><strong data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\">, <\/strong><span data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\"><b>2D <\/b><\/span><span data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\"><b>crystals <\/b><\/span><strong data-start=\"1145\" data-end=\"1217\">and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/applications\/batteries\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>battery components<\/b><\/a><\/strong>, where heat flow direction critically affects performance and reliability.<br data-start=\"1292\" data-end=\"1295\" \/>Using the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/methods\/fdtr-frequency-domain-thermoreflectance\/\"><strong data-start=\"1305\" data-end=\"1350\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/strong><\/a> technique, the system provides <strong>non-contact, direction-specific data<\/strong> with exceptional accuracy, allowing researchers to fully understand and optimize the thermal behavior of complex, anisotropic materials.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c742be0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c742be0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f8f7ad e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f8f7ad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b48e177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b48e177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"594\">Thermal conductivity anisotrophy<\/h3><p data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"594\">In the development of modern batteries and electronic components, the <strong data-start=\"267\" data-end=\"293\">direction of heat flow<\/strong> is a key factor for performance and safety.<br data-start=\"337\" data-end=\"340\" \/>Since <strong data-start=\"346\" data-end=\"394\">thermal conductivity can vary with direction<\/strong> in a material \u2013 a phenomenon known as <strong data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"447\">anisotropy<\/strong> \u2013 it is crucial to distinguish between <strong data-start=\"487\" data-end=\"499\" data-is-only-node=\"\">in-plane<\/strong> (parallel to the surface) and <strong data-start=\"530\" data-end=\"545\">cross-plane<\/strong> (perpendicular to the surface) heat transport.<\/p><p data-start=\"596\" data-end=\"1106\">In-plane conductivity is vital for <strong data-start=\"631\" data-end=\"659\">efficient heat spreading<\/strong> across battery or semiconductor layers, while low cross-plane conductivity is desirable in <strong data-start=\"751\" data-end=\"779\">thermal barrier coatings<\/strong> such as <strong data-start=\"788\" data-end=\"807\">SiO\u2082 thin films<\/strong>, which protect sensitive components.<br data-start=\"844\" data-end=\"847\" \/>Two-dimensional materials like <strong data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"887\" data-is-only-node=\"\">PdSe\u2082<\/strong> exhibit strong anisotropy, offering promising opportunities for <strong data-start=\"952\" data-end=\"1005\">energy conversion and advanced thermal management<\/strong>.<br data-start=\"1006\" data-end=\"1009\" \/>To fully exploit these materials, <strong data-start=\"1043\" data-end=\"1089\">direction-dependent thermal investigations<\/strong> are essential.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24a4dce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"24a4dce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84aaa5a elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"84aaa5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TF-LFA-Anistrophy.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-70530\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TF-LFA-Anistrophy.png 1018w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TF-LFA-Anistrophy-300x185.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/TF-LFA-Anistrophy-768x475.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Main crystallographic  planes of PdSe2. Different directions of heat transport within the  crystal.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-590f2b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"590f2b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2732da2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2732da2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e6f430 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6e6f430\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_a-1024x778.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-70541\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_a-1024x778.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_a-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_a-768x584.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_a-1536x1167.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_a-2048x1556.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">a) Out-of-plane thermal conductivity of PdSe2 along crystallographic plane [001].*<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9b2fb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d9b2fb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_c-1024x754.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-70552\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_c-1024x754.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_c-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_c-768x565.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_c-1536x1131.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_c-2048x1508.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">b) In-plane thermal conductivity of PdSe2 along crystallographic plane [100].*<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f67e9f8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f67e9f8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c08d630 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c08d630\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_e-1024x754.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-70563\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_e-1024x754.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_e-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_e-768x565.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_e-1536x1131.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inplane-Messung_e-2048x1508.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">c) In-plane thermal conductivity of PdSe2 along crystallographic plane [010].*<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be19d6d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be19d6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Figure 2: Out-of-plane and in-plane thermal conductivity of a 297 nm thick PdSe2.<\/p><p>The TF-LFA offers the possibility to measure the thermal conductivity of such a 2D Material not only in both<br \/>major directions, in- and out-of-plane, (see Fig. 2 b &amp; 2 c) even over the axis of rotation of the surface in two <br \/>different crystallographic planes.<\/p><p><em>*Measurements were provided by Dr. Juan Sebastian Reparaz<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b98d74a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b98d74a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ea1e31 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9ea1e31\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41bbc0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41bbc0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c81fb02 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c81fb02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Method<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd13fa6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd13fa6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6742462 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6742462\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf6ffe2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cf6ffe2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8ce408 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e8ce408\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a8ab6f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5a8ab6f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e5e1d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1e5e1d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56a5102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56a5102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"313\" data-end=\"685\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/methods\/fdtr-frequency-domain-thermoreflectance\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong data-start=\"317\" data-end=\"362\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/strong><\/a> technique is an <b>optical, non-contact method<\/b> for determining thermophysical properties of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/applications\/thin-film-technology\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong>thin films<\/strong><\/a> and multilayer structures.<br data-start=\"493\" data-end=\"496\" \/>It measures the <span data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"556\"><b>thermal response of a material\u2019s surface<\/b><\/span> to a harmonically modulated laser excitation, allowing precise analysis without mechanical contact or destructive preparation.<\/p><p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"1066\">In this method, a <span data-start=\"705\" data-end=\"719\"><b>pump laser<\/b><\/span> periodically heats the surface of the sample, while a <span data-start=\"774\" data-end=\"789\"><b>probe laser<\/b><\/span> detects minute changes in reflectivity caused by temperature variations.<br data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"865\" \/>The <span data-start=\"869\" data-end=\"884\"><b>phase shift<\/b><\/span> between heating and response provides detailed information about <strong data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"1026\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/thermal-conductivity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>thermal conductivity<\/b><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/thermal-diffusivity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>diffusivity<\/b><\/a>, <\/strong><span data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"1026\"><b>effusivity<\/b><\/span><strong data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"1026\">, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/specific-heat-capacity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>volumetric heat capacity<\/b><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0and <span data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1063\"><b>thermal boundary conductance<\/b><\/span>.<\/p><p data-start=\"1068\" data-end=\"1450\">By evaluating the signal in the <span data-start=\"1100\" data-end=\"1120\"><b>frequency domain<\/b><\/span>, the TF-LFA L54 eliminates experimental errors related to pulse duration or optical alignment, ensuring <strong data-start=\"1225\" data-end=\"1268\">high measurement <\/strong><span data-start=\"1225\" data-end=\"1268\"><b>stability and accuracy<\/b><\/span>.<br data-start=\"1269\" data-end=\"1272\" \/>This makes FDTR ideal for <span data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\"><b>thin films<\/b><\/span><strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\">, <\/strong><span data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\"><b>coatings<\/b><\/span><strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\">, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/applications\/semiconductors-electronics\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><b>semiconductors<\/b><\/a>, <\/strong><span data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\"><b>thermoelectric materials<\/b><\/span><strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\">\u00a0<\/strong><span data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1383\"><b>and 2D structures<\/b><\/span>, where conventional contact-based techniques reach their limits.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3b2e5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3b2e5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38209 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/FDTR-Methode-1024x936.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"731\" \/><\/p><h3 data-start=\"227\" data-end=\"273\">Functional Principle of the TF-LFA L54<\/h3><p data-start=\"275\" data-end=\"534\">The <strong data-start=\"279\" data-end=\"293\">TF-LFA L54<\/strong> determines the thermophysical properties of thin films and multilayer structures using the <strong data-start=\"385\" data-end=\"430\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/strong> method \u2013 a fully optical, non-contact technique based on laser modulation and reflection measurement.<\/p><p data-start=\"536\" data-end=\"921\">During the measurement, a <strong data-start=\"562\" data-end=\"586\">modulated pump laser<\/strong> periodically heats the surface of the sample, while a <strong data-start=\"641\" data-end=\"656\">probe laser<\/strong> monitors tiny reflectivity changes caused by the resulting temperature fluctuations.<br data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"744\" \/>The <strong data-start=\"748\" data-end=\"763\">phase shift<\/strong> between the thermal excitation and the reflected signal is recorded with high precision and evaluated using a <strong data-start=\"874\" data-end=\"918\">frequency-dependent heat transport model<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"923\" data-end=\"1309\">From this data, the TF-LFA L54 calculates key parameters such as <strong data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1063\">thermal conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity, volumetric heat capacity<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"1069\" data-end=\"1101\">thermal boundary conductance<\/strong>.<br data-start=\"1102\" data-end=\"1105\" \/>This approach enables <strong data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1191\">accurate, reproducible, and non-destructive characterization<\/strong> of thin films, coatings, and layered materials \u2013 even in cases where conventional contact methods are not suitable.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5cdd15 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b5cdd15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38ad6c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"38ad6c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5940\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5940\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Measured variables with Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5940\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5a5f69 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c5a5f69\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5940\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-460bed7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"460bed7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77c8ebe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77c8ebe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"373\" data-end=\"432\">Possibilities of thin-film analysis using the TF-LFA L54:<\/p><ul data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"1207\"><li data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"539\"><p data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"539\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/thermal-conductivity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"464\">Thermal conductivity (\u03bb)<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 quantifies the ability of the thin film or multilayer to conduct heat.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"540\" data-end=\"633\"><p data-start=\"542\" data-end=\"633\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/thermal-diffusivity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong data-start=\"542\" data-end=\"569\">Thermal diffusivity (\u03b1)<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 describes how quickly heat propagates through the material.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"634\" data-end=\"752\"><p data-start=\"636\" data-end=\"752\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/properties\/specific-heat-capacity\/\" data-auto-event-observed=\"true\"><strong data-start=\"636\" data-end=\"671\">Volumetric heat capacity (\u03c1\u00b7cp)<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 represents the amount of heat stored per unit volume and temperature change.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"753\" data-end=\"858\"><p data-start=\"755\" data-end=\"858\"><span data-start=\"755\" data-end=\"781\"><b>Thermal effusivity (e)<\/b><\/span> \u2013 indicates how efficiently the film exchanges heat with its surroundings.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"859\" data-end=\"971\"><p data-start=\"861\" data-end=\"971\"><span data-start=\"861\" data-end=\"899\"><b>Thermal boundary conductance (TBC)<\/b><\/span> \u2013 measures the heat transfer efficiency between layers or interfaces.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"972\" data-end=\"1094\"><p data-start=\"974\" data-end=\"1094\"><span data-start=\"974\" data-end=\"1002\"><b>Anisotropic conductivity<\/b><\/span> \u2013 distinguishes between in-plane and cross-plane heat transport in anisotropic materials.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1095\" data-end=\"1207\"><p data-start=\"1097\" data-end=\"1207\"><span data-start=\"1097\" data-end=\"1131\"><b>Temperature-dependent behavior<\/b><\/span> \u2013 analysis of property changes up to 500 \u00b0C under controlled atmospheres.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Measured variables with Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Possibilities of thin-film analysis using the TF-LFA L54:Thermal conductivity (\\u03bb) \\u2013 quantifies the ability of the thin film or multilayer to conduct heat.Thermal diffusivity (\\u03b1) \\u2013 describes how quickly heat propagates through the material.Volumetric heat capacity (\\u03c1\\u00b7cp) \\u2013 represents the amount of heat stored per unit volume and temperature change.Thermal effusivity (e) \\u2013 indicates how efficiently the film exchanges heat with its surroundings.Thermal boundary conductance (TBC) \\u2013 measures the heat transfer efficiency between layers or interfaces.Anisotropic conductivity \\u2013 distinguishes between in-plane and cross-plane heat transport in anisotropic materials.Temperature-dependent behavior \\u2013 analysis of property changes up to 500 \\u00b0C under controlled atmospheres.\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-318a302 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"318a302\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1afef0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d1afef0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f28d582 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f28d582\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Questions? We're just a call away!<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf012fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf012fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>+1 (609) 223 2070<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>+49 (0) 9287\/880 0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-632030b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"632030b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Our service is available Monday to<br \/> Thursday from 8 am to 4 pm<br \/> and Friday from 8 am to 12 pm.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc2984c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc2984c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c6835e e-transform elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c6835e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500,&quot;_transform_rotateZ_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:-5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_rotateZ_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;deg&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_rotateZ_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;deg&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We are here for you!<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-535374d btn-fancy elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"535374d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2a7c87 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b2a7c87\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cafdd20 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cafdd20\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f2d544 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f2d544\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c7eb77 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4c7eb77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TF-LFA L54 explained - function, use and capabilities<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e3670f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0e3670f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03ac228 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"03ac228\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceb0538 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"ceb0538\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2160\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2160\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What are thin films and where are they used? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2160\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-417565e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"417565e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2160\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdb9092 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cdb9092\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a98605b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a98605b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-38184 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Messbereich-1024x742.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"742\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Messbereich-1024x742.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Messbereich-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Messbereich-768x557.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Messbereich-1536x1113.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Messbereich-2048x1484.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2160\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18e14bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"18e14bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49303ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49303ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Thin films:<\/strong><\/h3><p>Thin films are materials with thicknesses from nanometers to micrometers, applied to surfaces.<\/p><p>Their thermophysical properties differ significantly from those of bulk materials depending on thickness and temperature. Thin films are typically used in semiconductors, LEDs, fuel cells, and optical storage media.<\/p><p><strong>Different types of thin films<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Thin film: layer of a few nm to \u00b5m<\/li><li>Films are grown on specific substrate<\/li><li>Typical growing techniques include<ul><li>PVD (e.g. sputtering, thermal vaporization)<\/li><li>CVD (PECVD, LPCVD, ALD)<\/li><li>Drop casting, Spin coating &amp; Printing<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Various kinds of films, including:<ul><li>Semiconducting films (e.g. thermoelectric, sensors, transistors)<\/li><li>Metallic films (used as contacts)<\/li><li>Thermal barrier coatings<\/li><li>Optical coatings<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> How does FDTR compare to TDTR? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60880d2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60880d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e51e34 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e51e34\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7308bce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7308bce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Our advanced FDTR (Frequency-Domain Thermoreflectance) system offers significant advantages over the traditional TDTR (Time-Domain Thermoreflectance) method, optimizing the setup and enhancing measurement stability.<br \/><b style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\"><br \/><\/b><strong>No need for probe laser adjustment:<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\"> Unlike the TDTR arrangement, where the probe laser must be adjusted relative to the sample due to slight changes in reflection when the sample is altered, our FDTR system eliminates this requirement. Our system includes automatic focusing, which continuously adjusts the probe laser\u2018s focus to accommodate any changes in the sample, ensuring optimal measurement conditions without manual intervention<br \/><\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\"><br \/><strong>Aligned lasers:<\/strong> With perfectly aligned lasers in our FDTR system, there is no need to adjust the probe laser beam, resulting in a simpler sample setup and more stable measurements.<br \/><\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\"><br \/><strong>Broader measuring range:<\/strong> Our FDTR outperforms even nano-pulsed TDTR setups with a\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\">broader measuring range. Thinner samples layers and thin films with higher thermal conductivity can be measured.<br \/><\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\"><br \/><strong>No need for assumptions:<\/strong> Our comprehensive evaluation algorithm allows you to measure\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-primary );\">thin films without any assumptions. All you need to know is the sample thickness<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51f9f41 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"51f9f41\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6df220 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b6df220\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"355\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Time-Domain-Frequency-Domain-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-62552\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Time-Domain-Frequency-Domain-1.png 834w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Time-Domain-Frequency-Domain-1-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Time-Domain-Frequency-Domain-1-768x341.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09cb6fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09cb6fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Broader measuring range<\/li><li>Easier handling<\/li><li>Higher stability<\/li><li>More precise results<\/li><li>Ability to measure thermal contact resistance between two <br \/>layers<\/li><li>No need for assumptions about <br \/>heat capacity and density of thin <br \/>sample films<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What is a multilayer sample in thin-film analysis? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a05dad e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3a05dad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc84b12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc84b12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fa3d4c elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fa3d4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Multilayer sample<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-38195 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Multi-sample-1024x360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Multi-sample-1024x360.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Multi-sample-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Multi-sample-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Multi-sample.png 1238w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bced0a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bced0a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73f8b90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73f8b90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thin film<br \/>(e.g. semiconductor, metal, organic, oxide)<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Substrates<br \/>(e.g. Si, Si<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>, Fused Silicia)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2163\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2163\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What is the difference between the 3-Omega and Thermoreflectance (pump-probe) methods? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2163\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3565384 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3565384\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20757cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20757cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"616\" data-end=\"954\">The <strong data-start=\"268\" data-end=\"286\">3-Omega method<\/strong> is an electrothermal technique in which a metal strip serves simultaneously as heater and temperature sensor. A current at frequency \u03c9 induces a periodic heating; the resulting voltage component at 3\u03c9 is used to evaluate thermal conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat of thin layers or bulk materials on a substrate.<\/p><p data-start=\"616\" data-end=\"954\">In contrast, the <strong data-start=\"666\" data-end=\"708\">Thermoreflectance \/ Pump-Probe methods<\/strong> (e.g., Time-Domain Thermoreflectance (TDTR) or Frequency-Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)) are optical and non-contact: a modulated or pulsed pump laser heats the sample, and a probe laser monitors changes in reflectivity (thermoreflectance) to follow temperature dynamics and extract thermal transport properties.<\/p><p data-start=\"250\" data-end=\"1091\">Key practical differences:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1795\"><li data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1320\"><p data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1320\">Surface quality and coatings matter: Pump-probe techniques require deposition of a metal transducer layer (for thermoreflectance) and benefit from optically clean surfaces. 3-Omega uses patterned metal heaters on the sample.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1321\" data-end=\"1552\"><p data-start=\"1323\" data-end=\"1552\">Substrate and coating interplay: 3-Omega often uses a heater on the substrate\/film for in-plane or cross-plane measurement; thermoreflectance is highly sensitive to interface and thin film layers and works with very thin films.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1553\" data-end=\"1795\"><p data-start=\"1555\" data-end=\"1795\">Handling: Optical methods allow non-contact measurement and are suitable for small\/thin layers; 3-Omega requires patterning and electrical connection.<br data-start=\"1705\" data-end=\"1708\" \/>Thus, choose based on film thickness, substrate\/coating design and surface preparation.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2164\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2164\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What sample types can be measured by which technique? (manufacturing method, temperature range, handling, substrate etc.) <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2164\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92c99f1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"92c99f1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87bd939 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87bd939\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"1933\" data-end=\"2019\">Different measurement principles are suited to different sample types:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2020\" data-end=\"3258\"><li data-start=\"2020\" data-end=\"2391\"><p data-start=\"2022\" data-end=\"2391\"><strong data-start=\"2022\" data-end=\"2041\">3-Omega method:<\/strong> Suitable for thin films on substrates (film thickness from nanometres to micrometres) or bulk substrates with patterned heaters. Works for multiple deposition methods (PVD, CVD, spin-coating) so long as a heater\/sensor element can be applied. It may require specific sample preparation and substrate geometry.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2020\" data-end=\"2391\"><strong data-start=\"2394\" data-end=\"2443\">Thermoreflectance (Pump-Probe \/ FDTR \/ TDTR):<\/strong> Ideal for ultra-thin films (10 nm to several \u00b5m) and multilayer stacks, deposited on substrates using techniques such as PVD, CVD, ALD, spin-coating, drop-casting. For example the TF-LFA L54 supports films from 10 nm up to ~20 \u00b5m. Temperature range: For optical methods, measurement temperature can range from room temperature up to ~500 \u00b0C (depending on device) under inert, oxidising or reducing atmospheres. Handling: Optical methods require clean surfaces, deposition of transducer layers, and good substrate\/film contact. 3-Omega requires patterned heaters and sometimes suspended membranes for in-plane measurement.<br data-start=\"3143\" data-end=\"3146\" \/>Thus the choice depends on film thickness, substrate type, temperature range and required measurement direction.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2165\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2165\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> In-Plane vs Cross-Plane \u2013 Which technique can be used for which and which is more sensitive? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2165\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a115047 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a115047\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba29b86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba29b86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li data-start=\"3381\" data-end=\"3482\"><p data-start=\"3383\" data-end=\"3482\"><strong data-start=\"3383\" data-end=\"3407\">In-Plane measurement<\/strong> refers to heat transport parallel to the surface of a film or substrate.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3757\"><p data-start=\"3485\" data-end=\"3757\"><strong data-start=\"3485\" data-end=\"3512\">Cross-Plane measurement<\/strong> refers to heat transport perpendicular to the film\/substrate surface (through thickness).<br data-start=\"3602\" data-end=\"3605\" \/>For thin films and multilayers, both directions matter because anisotropy often occurs.<\/p>In terms of technique:<\/li><li data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3757\">3-Omega can be configured for both in-plane and cross-plane measurements, e.g., a heater on a suspended membrane gives in-plane data; differential 3-Omega on film+substrate gives cross-plane.<\/li><li data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3757\">Thermoreflectance (FDTR \/ TDTR) is typically highly sensitive in the <strong data-start=\"4063\" data-end=\"4088\">cross-plane direction<\/strong> because reflectance changes monitor temperature dynamics normal to the surface; for in-plane thermal conductivity additional configurations or modifications may be needed.<br \/><br \/>Hence:<\/li><li data-start=\"4310\" data-end=\"4414\"><p data-start=\"4312\" data-end=\"4414\">For accurate cross-plane thermal conductivity, thermoreflectance methods are particularly effective.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4415\" data-end=\"4685\"><p data-start=\"4417\" data-end=\"4685\">For in-plane measurement, 3-Omega remains a strong choice (especially when films are patterned or suspended).<br data-start=\"4526\" data-end=\"4529\" \/>The sensitivity depends on film geometry, measurement setup and signal-to-noise \u2014 optical methods offer very high sensitivity for thin films and interfaces.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2166\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2166\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> How much does an TF-LFA L54 cost? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2166\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1a11e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c1a11e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb9c127 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb9c127\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"107\" data-end=\"467\">The price of an TF-LFA L54 system depends on the selected configuration and additional options, such as the temperature range, furnace type, cooling system, automation features, or specialized measurement modes. Since each system can be tailored to your specific application requirements, the cost can vary significantly.<\/p><p data-start=\"469\" data-end=\"609\">For an exact quotation, please use our contact form to send us your requirements \u2013 we will be happy to prepare a customized offer for you.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1da379 btn-fancy elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b1da379\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2167\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"8\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2167\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What is the delivery time for an TF-LFA L54? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2167\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d30800 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d30800\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f478e49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f478e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"616\" data-end=\"954\">The delivery time for an TF-LFA L54 largely depends on the chosen options and configuration. Additional features such as special furnaces, extended temperature ranges, automation, or custom adaptations may increase production and preparation time and therefore extend the delivery period.<\/p><p data-start=\"956\" data-end=\"1081\">Please contact us via our contact form to receive an accurate delivery time estimate based on your individual requirements.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a50028b btn-fancy elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a50028b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What are thin films and where are they used?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Thin films:Thin films are materials with thicknesses from nanometers to micrometers, applied to surfaces.Their thermophysical properties differ significantly from those of bulk materials depending on thickness and temperature. Thin films are typically used in semiconductors, LEDs, fuel cells, and optical storage media.Different types of thin filmsThin film: layer of a few nm to \\u00b5mFilms are grown on specific substrateTypical growing techniques includePVD (e.g. sputtering, thermal vaporization)CVD (PECVD, LPCVD, ALD)Drop casting, Spin coating &amp; PrintingVarious kinds of films, including:Semiconducting films (e.g. thermoelectric, sensors, transistors)Metallic films (used as contacts)Thermal barrier coatingsOptical coatings\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How does FDTR compare to TDTR?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Our advanced FDTR (Frequency-Domain Thermoreflectance) system offers significant advantages over the traditional TDTR (Time-Domain Thermoreflectance) method, optimizing the setup and enhancing measurement stability.No need for probe laser adjustment: Unlike the TDTR arrangement, where the probe laser must be adjusted relative to the sample due to slight changes in reflection when the sample is altered, our FDTR system eliminates this requirement. Our system includes automatic focusing, which continuously adjusts the probe laser\\u2018s focus to accommodate any changes in the sample, ensuring optimal measurement conditions without manual interventionAligned lasers: With perfectly aligned lasers in our FDTR system, there is no need to adjust the probe laser beam, resulting in a simpler sample setup and more stable measurements.Broader measuring range: Our FDTR outperforms even nano-pulsed TDTR setups with a\\u00a0broader measuring range. Thinner samples layers and thin films with higher thermal conductivity can be measured.No need for assumptions: Our comprehensive evaluation algorithm allows you to measure\\u00a0thin films without any assumptions. All you need to know is the sample thickness\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tAdvantages:Broader measuring rangeEasier handlingHigher stabilityMore precise resultsAbility to measure thermal contact resistance between two layersNo need for assumptions about heat capacity and density of thin sample films\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is a multilayer sample in thin-film analysis?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Multilayer sample\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tThin film(e.g. semiconductor, metal, organic, oxide)\\u00a0Substrates(e.g. Si, Si3N4, Fused Silicia)\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the difference between the 3-Omega and Thermoreflectance (pump-probe) methods?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The 3-Omega method is an electrothermal technique in which a metal strip serves simultaneously as heater and temperature sensor. A current at frequency \\u03c9 induces a periodic heating; the resulting voltage component at 3\\u03c9 is used to evaluate thermal conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat of thin layers or bulk materials on a substrate.In contrast, the Thermoreflectance \\\/ Pump-Probe methods (e.g., Time-Domain Thermoreflectance (TDTR) or Frequency-Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)) are optical and non-contact: a modulated or pulsed pump laser heats the sample, and a probe laser monitors changes in reflectivity (thermoreflectance) to follow temperature dynamics and extract thermal transport properties.Key practical differences:Surface quality and coatings matter: Pump-probe techniques require deposition of a metal transducer layer (for thermoreflectance) and benefit from optically clean surfaces. 3-Omega uses patterned metal heaters on the sample.Substrate and coating interplay: 3-Omega often uses a heater on the substrate\\\/film for in-plane or cross-plane measurement; thermoreflectance is highly sensitive to interface and thin film layers and works with very thin films.Handling: Optical methods allow non-contact measurement and are suitable for small\\\/thin layers; 3-Omega requires patterning and electrical connection.Thus, choose based on film thickness, substrate\\\/coating design and surface preparation.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What sample types can be measured by which technique? (manufacturing method, temperature range, handling, substrate etc.)\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Different measurement principles are suited to different sample types:3-Omega method: Suitable for thin films on substrates (film thickness from nanometres to micrometres) or bulk substrates with patterned heaters. Works for multiple deposition methods (PVD, CVD, spin-coating) so long as a heater\\\/sensor element can be applied. It may require specific sample preparation and substrate geometry.Thermoreflectance (Pump-Probe \\\/ FDTR \\\/ TDTR): Ideal for ultra-thin films (10 nm to several \\u00b5m) and multilayer stacks, deposited on substrates using techniques such as PVD, CVD, ALD, spin-coating, drop-casting. For example the TF-LFA L54 supports films from 10 nm up to ~20 \\u00b5m. Temperature range: For optical methods, measurement temperature can range from room temperature up to ~500 \\u00b0C (depending on device) under inert, oxidising or reducing atmospheres. Handling: Optical methods require clean surfaces, deposition of transducer layers, and good substrate\\\/film contact. 3-Omega requires patterned heaters and sometimes suspended membranes for in-plane measurement.Thus the choice depends on film thickness, substrate type, temperature range and required measurement direction.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"In-Plane vs Cross-Plane \\u2013 Which technique can be used for which and which is more sensitive?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"In-Plane measurement refers to heat transport parallel to the surface of a film or substrate.Cross-Plane measurement refers to heat transport perpendicular to the film\\\/substrate surface (through thickness).For thin films and multilayers, both directions matter because anisotropy often occurs.In terms of technique:3-Omega can be configured for both in-plane and cross-plane measurements, e.g., a heater on a suspended membrane gives in-plane data; differential 3-Omega on film+substrate gives cross-plane.Thermoreflectance (FDTR \\\/ TDTR) is typically highly sensitive in the cross-plane direction because reflectance changes monitor temperature dynamics normal to the surface; for in-plane thermal conductivity additional configurations or modifications may be needed.Hence:For accurate cross-plane thermal conductivity, thermoreflectance methods are particularly effective.For in-plane measurement, 3-Omega remains a strong choice (especially when films are patterned or suspended).The sensitivity depends on film geometry, measurement setup and signal-to-noise \\u2014 optical methods offer very high sensitivity for thin films and interfaces.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How much does an TF-LFA L54 cost?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The price of an TF-LFA L54 system depends on the selected configuration and additional options, such as the temperature range, furnace type, cooling system, automation features, or specialized measurement modes. Since each system can be tailored to your specific application requirements, the cost can vary significantly.For an exact quotation, please use our contact form to send us your requirements \\u2013 we will be happy to prepare a customized offer for you.\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tContact\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the delivery time for an TF-LFA L54?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The delivery time for an TF-LFA L54 largely depends on the chosen options and configuration. Additional features such as special furnaces, extended temperature ranges, automation, or custom adaptations may increase production and preparation time and therefore extend the delivery period.Please contact us via our contact form to receive an accurate delivery time estimate based on your individual requirements.\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tContact\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-598c511 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"598c511\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ba3f7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4ba3f7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f07725 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"1f07725\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"software\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01430c2 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"01430c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Software<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc3b868 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc3b868\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Making values visible and comparable<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-884e0d8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"884e0d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a22e36b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a22e36b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-697f894 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"697f894\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8effb88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8effb88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"358\" data-end=\"382\">General Software<\/h3><p data-start=\"384\" data-end=\"888\">All <strong data-start=\"388\" data-end=\"428\">LINSEIS thermal analysis instruments<\/strong> are fully <strong data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"456\">PC-controlled<\/strong> and operate under <strong data-start=\"475\" data-end=\"498\">Microsoft\u00ae Windows\u00ae<\/strong> environments.<br data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"515\" \/>The software suite is divided into three intuitive modules \u2014 <strong data-start=\"576\" data-end=\"638\">temperature control, data acquisition, and data evaluation<\/strong> \u2014 ensuring seamless operation from setup to final analysis.<br data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"701\" \/>Developed in collaboration with our application specialists, the LINSEIS software combines <strong data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"855\">ease of use, data security, and comprehensive functionality<\/strong> for efficient daily operation.<\/p><p data-start=\"890\" data-end=\"913\">Key features include:<\/p><ul data-start=\"914\" data-end=\"1179\"><li data-start=\"914\" data-end=\"954\"><p data-start=\"916\" data-end=\"954\">Full compatibility with MS\u00ae Windows\u2122<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"955\" data-end=\"1011\"><p data-start=\"957\" data-end=\"1011\">Automatic data protection in the event of power loss<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1012\" data-end=\"1060\"><p data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1060\">Real-time evaluation of ongoing measurements<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1061\" data-end=\"1114\"><p data-start=\"1063\" data-end=\"1114\">Curve comparison and overlay of multiple datasets<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1115\" data-end=\"1179\"><p data-start=\"1117\" data-end=\"1179\">Storage, export, and import of data in ASCII or Excel format<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f9f495 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f9f495\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bd4abc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0bd4abc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"1186\" data-end=\"1227\">Evaluation and Measuring Software<\/h3><p data-start=\"1229\" data-end=\"1639\">The <strong data-start=\"1233\" data-end=\"1256\">evaluation software<\/strong> provides advanced tools for detailed thermal analysis of thin films and multilayer systems.<br data-start=\"1348\" data-end=\"1351\" \/>Using a <strong data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1394\">multilayer heat transport model<\/strong>, it simultaneously determines <strong data-start=\"1425\" data-end=\"1504\">thermal conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity, and volumetric heat capacity<\/strong>, while also enabling <strong data-start=\"1526\" data-end=\"1562\">contact resistance determination<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1564\" data-end=\"1588\">sensitivity plotting<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"1594\" data-end=\"1616\">feasibility checks<\/strong> for each experiment.<\/p><p data-start=\"1641\" data-end=\"1927\">The <strong data-start=\"1645\" data-end=\"1667\">measuring software<\/strong> ensures <strong data-start=\"1676\" data-end=\"1705\">fully automated operation<\/strong> with easy, user-friendly input for all measurement parameters.<br data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1771\" \/>It guarantees <strong data-start=\"1785\" data-end=\"1838\">precise temperature control, reproducible results<\/strong>, and optimal workflow \u2014 from experiment setup to complete thermal property extraction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf6875b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bf6875b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9fe85e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e9fe85e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebe6438 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ebe6438\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5acdc4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5acdc4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>LINSEIS Thermal Library<\/b><\/p><p>The LINSEIS Thermal Library software package is an option for the well-known, user-friendly LINSEIS Platinum evaluation software, which is integrated in almost all our devices. The Thermal Library allows you to compare the complete curves with a database containing thousands of references and standard materials in just 1-2 seconds.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-741db78 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"741db78\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e16ad elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"44e16ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Thermal-library-01-1024x550-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-86626\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Thermal-library-01-1024x550-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Thermal-library-01-1024x550-1-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Thermal-library-01-1024x550-1-768x413.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a841e52 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a841e52\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f6d2b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f6d2b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da954ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da954ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Multi-instrument<\/h3><p>All LINSEIS instruments DSC, DIL, STA, HFM, LFA, etc. can be controlled via a software template.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6e2726 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6e2726\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d6643 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31d6643\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Multilingual<\/h3><p>Our software is available in many different user-interchangeable languages, such as: English, Spanish, French, German, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, etc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3f070e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3f070e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08f3eb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08f3eb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Report generator<\/h3><p>Convenient template selection for creating individual measurement reports.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b1e3ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7b1e3ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48da2a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"48da2a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bce2cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bce2cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Multi-user<\/h3><p>The administrator can set up different user levels with different rights to operate the device. An optional log file is also available. <\/p><p> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55d6d6a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55d6d6a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-732c4ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"732c4ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Kinetic software<\/h3><p>Kinetic analysis of DSC, DTA, TGA, EGA (TG-MS, TG-FTIR) data to investigate the thermal behavior of raw materials and products.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b519ed2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b519ed2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7d0524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7d0524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Database<\/h3><p>The state-of-the-art database enables simple data management with up to 1000 data records.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d62e1ad e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d62e1ad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e5a72e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e5a72e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-423074d elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"423074d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"applications\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cac4026 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cac4026\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:250}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Applications<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a469e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3a469e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2cf4f7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c2cf4f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5943ada e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5943ada\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a87adc elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"1a87adc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Thin Films <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b2ae2f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3b2ae2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f51f0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6f51f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b16dd0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1b16dd0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f903d48 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f903d48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f398309 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f398309\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"215\" data-end=\"550\">In modern thin-film systems \u2014 such as semiconductors, LEDs, fuel cells, or optical storage media \u2014 thermal transport properties differ significantly from those of bulk materials.<br data-start=\"393\" data-end=\"396\" \/>Reduced thermal conductivity often results from effects such as <strong data-start=\"460\" data-end=\"547\">interface scattering, impurities, grain boundaries, or thickness-dependent behavior<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"552\" data-end=\"1051\">The <strong data-start=\"556\" data-end=\"578\">LINSEIS TF-LFA L54<\/strong> applies the <strong data-start=\"591\" data-end=\"636\">Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR)<\/strong> technique, enabling <strong data-start=\"657\" data-end=\"705\">non-contact, high-precision thermal analysis<\/strong> of thin films and multilayer structures ranging from a few nanometers to several micrometers.<br data-start=\"799\" data-end=\"802\" \/>It determines key parameters such as <strong data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"914\">thermal conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity, volumetric heat capacity<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"952\">thermal boundary conductance<\/strong>, providing crucial insights into <strong data-start=\"986\" data-end=\"1048\" data-is-only-node=\"\">heat transport, layer interfaces, and material performance<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"1053\" data-end=\"1300\">With its optical precision and advanced data evaluation models, the TF-LFA L54 is the ideal instrument for <strong data-start=\"1160\" data-end=\"1192\">research and quality control<\/strong> in thin-film development, ensuring optimized thermal management in next-generation materials and devices.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c21c61 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c21c61\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16bcbe1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"16bcbe1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb652c5 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bb652c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/CWD-Diamond.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5401984 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5401984\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e187ca0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e187ca0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Application example: CVD Diamond &#8211; Thermal Conductivity<\/strong><\/p><p>High-conductivity diamond samples can be measured using the Linseis Laser Frequency Analyzer (TF-LFA L54), which utilizes the Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance technique to characterize thermal behavior and ensure quality control in applications where efficient heat dissipation is critical. Accurate thermal conductivity measurements are essential to verify the quality and performance of diamond samples, as factors such as grain size, purity, and thickness can influence the transport properties.<\/p><p>Measurement of the thermal properties of CVD diamond. The x-axis displays the logarithmically scaled frequency in Hertz, while the y-axis represents the phase shift between the excitation by the pump laser and the probe laser. Where \u03bb is the thermal conductivity, \u03b1 is the thermal diffusivity, e is the thermal effusivity and TBC is the thermal boundary conductance between the transducer layer (gold) and the sample (diamond). It determines how well a combination of materials is able to exchange heat with each other.<\/p><p>Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) is a preferred method for measuring thermal conductivity in materials like CVD diamond, especially in thin films and micro-scale samples where high spatial resolution is essential. The Linseis Laser Frequency Analyzer (TF-LFA) is an ideal tool for this purpose. FDTR uses a modulated laser to induce localized heating in the sample and measures the material\u2018s thermoreflectance response <br \/>at varying modulation frequencies. This technique allows researchers to determine thermal conductivity by modeling the heat flow through the diamond and its interfaces.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11e0f4f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"11e0f4f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56cb822 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56cb822\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c936b71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c936b71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Application example: SiO<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong> thin film 504 nm<\/p><p>Thin film glass layers out of pure silicon dioxide (Quartz) are frequently used in semiconductor and electronic industries as protective layer or thermo or electronical insulation layers. In this example SiO<sub>2<\/sub> layer was investigated using the Linseis TF-LFA device to fully characterize its thermal properties.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8249a8 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d8249a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Tabelle-Applikation-1-1024x636.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38234\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Tabelle-Applikation-1-1024x636.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Tabelle-Applikation-1-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Tabelle-Applikation-1-768x477.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR-Tabelle-Applikation-1.png 1517w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a01cff6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a01cff6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dfb4a6 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4dfb4a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/SiO2-thin-films-thickness-dependency-of-thermal-conductivity-504nm-01-1024x559.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38278\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/SiO2-thin-films-thickness-dependency-of-thermal-conductivity-504nm-01-1024x559.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/SiO2-thin-films-thickness-dependency-of-thermal-conductivity-504nm-01-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/SiO2-thin-films-thickness-dependency-of-thermal-conductivity-504nm-01-768x419.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/SiO2-thin-films-thickness-dependency-of-thermal-conductivity-504nm-01-1536x838.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/SiO2-thin-films-thickness-dependency-of-thermal-conductivity-504nm-01-2048x1117.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b8049 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"98b8049\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d09cd9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2d09cd9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f71686 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8f71686\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-200mm-01-1024x559.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38267\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-200mm-01-1024x559.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-200mm-01-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-200mm-01-768x419.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-200mm-01-1536x838.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-200mm-01-2048x1117.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Aluminum nitride AIN 200 nm<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f804d2 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2f804d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitride-AIN-800nm-01-1024x559.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38256\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitride-AIN-800nm-01-1024x559.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitride-AIN-800nm-01-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitride-AIN-800nm-01-768x419.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitride-AIN-800nm-01-1536x838.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitride-AIN-800nm-01-2048x1117.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Aluminum nitride AIN 800 nm<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dc313a elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3dc313a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-1600mm-01-1024x559.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38289\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-1600mm-01-1024x559.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-1600mm-01-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-1600mm-01-768x419.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-1600mm-01-1536x838.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Aluminium-Nitrid-AIN-1600mm-01-2048x1117.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Aluminum nitride AIN 1600 nm<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad60652 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ad60652\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9fc26b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a9fc26b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Application example: Aluminum nitride AIN<\/strong><\/p><p>AlN is frequently used as thermal insulation layer or electronical insulation layer in sensors or microelectronics. Its thermal properties depending on layer thickness were investigated by TF-LFA in this application.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64343ff elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"64343ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Tabelle-Applikation-2-1024x580.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38245\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Tabelle-Applikation-2-1024x580.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Tabelle-Applikation-2-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Tabelle-Applikation-2-768x435.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Tabelle-Applikation-2-1536x869.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/TF-LFA-FDTR_Tabelle-Applikation-2.png 2021w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2780\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbde8b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dbde8b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Thin Films\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"In modern thin-film systems \\u2014 such as semiconductors, LEDs, fuel cells, or optical storage media \\u2014 thermal transport properties differ significantly from those of bulk materials.Reduced thermal conductivity often results from effects such as interface scattering, impurities, grain boundaries, or thickness-dependent behavior.The LINSEIS TF-LFA L54 applies the Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) technique, enabling non-contact, high-precision thermal analysis of thin films and multilayer structures ranging from a few nanometers to several micrometers.It determines key parameters such as thermal conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity, volumetric heat capacity, and thermal boundary conductance, providing crucial insights into heat transport, layer interfaces, and material performance.With its optical precision and advanced data evaluation models, the TF-LFA L54 is the ideal instrument for research and quality control in thin-film development, ensuring optimized thermal management in next-generation materials and devices.\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tApplication example: CVD Diamond &#8211; Thermal ConductivityHigh-conductivity diamond samples can be measured using the Linseis Laser Frequency Analyzer (TF-LFA L54), which utilizes the Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance technique to characterize thermal behavior and ensure quality control in applications where efficient heat dissipation is critical. Accurate thermal conductivity measurements are essential to verify the quality and performance of diamond samples, as factors such as grain size, purity, and thickness can influence the transport properties.Measurement of the thermal properties of CVD diamond. The x-axis displays the logarithmically scaled frequency in Hertz, while the y-axis represents the phase shift between the excitation by the pump laser and the probe laser. Where \\u03bb is the thermal conductivity, \\u03b1 is the thermal diffusivity, e is the thermal effusivity and TBC is the thermal boundary conductance between the transducer layer (gold) and the sample (diamond). It determines how well a combination of materials is able to exchange heat with each other.Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) is a preferred method for measuring thermal conductivity in materials like CVD diamond, especially in thin films and micro-scale samples where high spatial resolution is essential. The Linseis Laser Frequency Analyzer (TF-LFA) is an ideal tool for this purpose. FDTR uses a modulated laser to induce localized heating in the sample and measures the material\\u2018s thermoreflectance response at varying modulation frequencies. This technique allows researchers to determine thermal conductivity by modeling the heat flow through the diamond and its interfaces.\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tApplication example: SiO2 thin film 504 nmThin film glass layers out of pure silicon dioxide (Quartz) are frequently used in semiconductor and electronic industries as protective layer or thermo or electronical insulation layers. In this example SiO2 layer was investigated using the Linseis TF-LFA device to fully characterize its thermal properties.\\u00a0\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tAluminum nitride AIN 200 nm\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tAluminum nitride AIN 800 nm\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tAluminum nitride AIN 1600 nm\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tApplication example: Aluminum nitride AINAlN is frequently used as thermal insulation layer or electronical insulation layer in sensors or microelectronics. Its thermal properties depending on layer thickness were investigated by TF-LFA in this application.\\u00a0\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0aa2a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f0aa2a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5084e2a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5084e2a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae4f498 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"ae4f498\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"downloads\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56280de elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56280de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Well informed<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce9ccb9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce9ccb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Downloads<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb7d24e elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb7d24e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Everything at a glance<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be76bf3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"be76bf3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4d4d2e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a4d4d2e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa3cea9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-carousel\" data-id=\"aa3cea9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;carousel_items&quot;:[{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;bb638bb&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;02a3877&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;e71306f&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;8ffdb42&quot;}],&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:30,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-carousel swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Karussell\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"1\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9bcb78 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c9bcb78\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e16567 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5e16567\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/LINSEIS_TF-LFA-L54-FDTR_Productbrochure.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TF-LFA-L54-FDTR-724x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-63050\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TF-LFA-L54-FDTR-724x1024.png 724w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TF-LFA-L54-FDTR-212x300.png 212w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TF-LFA-L54-FDTR-768x1086.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TF-LFA-L54-FDTR-1086x1536.png 1086w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TF-LFA-L54-FDTR-1448x2048.png 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f10df1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f10df1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>TF-LFA L54 product brochure (PDF)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4334c60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4334c60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/LINSEIS_TF-LFA-L54-FDTR_Productbrochure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 16\"><rect 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data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23ba0e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"23ba0e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1-724x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-110263\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1-724x1024.png 724w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1-212x300.png 212w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1-768x1086.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1-1086x1536.png 1086w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1-1448x2048.png 1448w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54_Seite_1.png 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed3e7dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ed3e7dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>TF-LFA L54 data sheet (PDF)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53b0035 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"53b0035\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Specifications-TF-LFA-L54.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 16\"><rect id=\"Rechteck_1599\" data-name=\"Rechteck 1599\" x=\".129\" y=\"14.489\" width=\"10.742\" height=\"1.33\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/rect><path id=\"Pfad_2872\" data-name=\"Pfad 2872\" d=\"M4.841.181v10.033l-3.2-3.2-.941.94,4.8,4.8,4.8-4.8-.941-.94-3.2,3.2V.181h-1.318Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">download<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"3\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a85972 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2a85972\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2721b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2721b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Linseis_Thermal-Conductivity-product-brochure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thermal_Conductivity_Deckblatt-724x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-96657\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thermal_Conductivity_Deckblatt-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thermal_Conductivity_Deckblatt-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thermal_Conductivity_Deckblatt-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thermal_Conductivity_Deckblatt.jpg 968w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eaec74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3eaec74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Thermal Conductivity Product brochure (PDF)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef3e5ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ef3e5ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Linseis_Thermal-Conductivity-product-brochure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 16\"><rect id=\"Rechteck_1599\" data-name=\"Rechteck 1599\" x=\".129\" y=\"14.489\" width=\"10.742\" height=\"1.33\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/rect><path id=\"Pfad_2872\" data-name=\"Pfad 2872\" d=\"M4.841.181v10.033l-3.2-3.2-.941.94,4.8,4.8,4.8-4.8-.941-.94-3.2,3.2V.181h-1.318Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">download<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"4\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 of 4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f01701 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f01701\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2f3768 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c2f3768\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"725\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2_Seite_01-725x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14206\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2_Seite_01-725x1024.jpg 725w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2_Seite_01-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2_Seite_01-768x1085.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2_Seite_01-1087x1536.jpg 1087w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2_Seite_01.jpg 1241w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 725px) 100vw, 725px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b68c989 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b68c989\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>LSR, LZT, LFA, TF-LFA, TFA, Hall effect Product brochure (PDF)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30985a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"30985a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Linseis-Thermoelectric-Instruments-overview-v2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Ebene_1\" data-name=\"Ebene 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 16\"><rect id=\"Rechteck_1599\" data-name=\"Rechteck 1599\" x=\".129\" y=\"14.489\" width=\"10.742\" height=\"1.33\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/rect><path id=\"Pfad_2872\" data-name=\"Pfad 2872\" d=\"M4.841.181v10.033l-3.2-3.2-.941.94,4.8,4.8,4.8-4.8-.941-.94-3.2,3.2V.181h-1.318Z\" fill=\"#0870b8\" stroke-width=\"0\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">download<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":38519,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[75,70],"class_list":["post-27439","messgeraete","type-messgeraete","status-publish","hentry","category-tf-lfa-thin-film-laser-flash-analyzer","category-waermeleitfaehigkeit"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/messgeraete\/27439","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/messgeraete"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/messgeraete"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/messgeraete\/27439\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/messgeraete\/38519"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}