{"id":104819,"date":"2024-07-18T08:07:30","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T06:07:30","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2026-01-26T14:39:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-26T13:39:37","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d9%82%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a9\/%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d9%82%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"104819\" class=\"elementor elementor-104819 elementor-10431\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9eb8745 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9eb8745\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-071d0c5 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"071d0c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__071d0c5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__071d0c5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__071d0c5\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a9139e elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a9139e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffaef65 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ffaef65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgroessen\/seebeck-koeffizient\/\">\n  <strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643<\/strong>\n<\/a>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.   <\/p><p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 <g id=\"gid_1\">\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/g> <g id=\"gid_3\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/g> <g id=\"gid_2\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/g> <g id=\"gid_5\">\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/g> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u064a <g id=\"gid_10\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/g> <g id=\"gid_8\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646<\/g> <g id=\"gid_7\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c<\/g> \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.     <strong>\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong> <strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>.<\/strong> <\/p><p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u03bcV\/K)\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629.<\/p><p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a) \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1295146 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1295146\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16fa67b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16fa67b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/p><p>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 ZT (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgroessen\/zt-figure-of-merit\/\">\n  <strong>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\n<\/a>&#8220;) \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8b9694 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b8b9694\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 1\n\n<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83c7bca elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"83c7bca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"221\" height=\"115\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ZT-formula-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31937\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u062d\u064a\u062b S: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 [\u03bcV\/K] \u03c3: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 [S\/m] \u03bb: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 [W\/(m-K)] \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 T. \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8405690 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8405690\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgeraete\/waermeleitfaehigkeit\/\">\n  <strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/strong>\n<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgroessen\/elektrische-leitfaehigkeit\/\">\n  <strong>\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\n<\/a> \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. <\/p><p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u03b7 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0640 ZT \u0648 \u0394T \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb81973 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb81973\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 2\n\n<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b234ea elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8b234ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"98\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Formel-ZT-Gleichung-2-Wirkungsgrad-300x98-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31941\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4998487 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4998487\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d73544d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d73544d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 1 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 1 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645 2 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. <br><br>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 1\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 ZT: \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 S2\u03c3 \u0648\/\u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cead25 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8cead25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ed0642 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ed0642\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b9f02d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b9f02d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li>\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a) \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 ZT \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 1.<\/li><li>\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 ZT \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/methoden\/harman-methode\/\">\n  <strong>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\n<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0c3b7e elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c0c3b7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 1\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-536134f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"536134f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/messgeraete\/lsr-thermoelektrik\/lsr-l31\/\">\n  <strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong>\n<\/a> \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c329c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5c329c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d6449d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d6449d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8709dbd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8709dbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"340\" height=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Formel-Warmeleitfahigkeit.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31945\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Formel-Warmeleitfahigkeit.png 340w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Formel-Warmeleitfahigkeit-300x112.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0639: \u03bb: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 [W\/(m-K)] a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a [m\u00b2\/s] r: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 [g\/m3] Cp: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 [J\/(g\/K)]<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28f2c3f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28f2c3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<br><br><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ad86f1 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ad86f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a [1]. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f0150a elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f0150a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb3a7a6 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb3a7a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645\u064a (UR\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 (Uth\u061b \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621:   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cccb95 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7cccb95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LSR-Harman-1024x562.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-33717\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LSR-Harman-1024x562.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LSR-Harman-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LSR-Harman-768x422.png 768w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LSR-Harman-1536x843.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LSR-Harman-2048x1124.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 ZT \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12f9d93 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12f9d93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ff4a03 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ff4a03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 4\n\n<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cd93bb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4cd93bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"171\" height=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ZT-formula.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31958\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u0628\u0640 Uth: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643) \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f UR: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645) \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51281f4 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51281f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a:\n\n<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35f5662 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35f5662\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>[1] A. Alleno \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644 Co0.97Ni0.03Sb3\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 86\u060c 011301 (2015).<br><br>[2] T.C. Harman\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 29\u060c 1373 (1958).<br><br>[3] T. C. Harman, J. H. Cahn, and M. J. Logan, J. Appl. Phys.  30(9), 1351 (1959).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d5950 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"87d5950\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":31933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[711],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-711"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104819"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104819\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.linseis.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}